Institut fr Bildung Beruf und Technik Abteilung Technik
Institut für Bildung, Beruf und Technik Abteilung: Technik und ihre Didaktik Changes against the background of digitization How have or will job profiles change? New requirements and competences through digitization Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband Selected slides for teaching unit B 1
Development industry 1. 0 to 4. 0 Four stages of the industrial revolution 1. Stage: End 18 th century = First mechanical production plants operated with water and steam power 1784 First mechanical loom 2. Stage: Beginning 20 th century = Introduction of laborintensive mass production with the help of electrical energy 1870 First production line (slaughterhouse in Cincinnati) 3. Stage: Beginning 1970 = Use of electronics and IT for further automation of production First programmable logic controller 4. Stage: Cyber-physical systems: Real objects and virtual processes are linked Industry 4. 0 – networked production Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Networked machines - and people decide cooperatively! Quelle: Fraunhofer IAO Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik / Ergebnispräsentation 19. 04. 2016
Industry 4. 0: paradigm shift in industry Objectives of Industry 4. 0 From Industry 1. 0 to Industry 4. 0 Networking of value chain Flexibilization of production Shorter lead time Lot size 1 Higher productivity High reactivity Availability of all relevant information in real time Individual series production Technology fields of Industry 4. 0 (Quelle: BITKOM ) Impact of Industry 4. 0 Controller of processes Job killer Human as a robot Networker Computer scientist De-Qualification Problem solver Human as controller Proczess controller Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Data analyst Technik und ihre Didaktik
Networking in all sectors - Economy 4. 0 Industry 4. 0 – Internet of Things – Everything becomes autonomous Quelle: Hirsch-Kreinsen 2015 Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Changed requirements through digitization Changes in the technical work • Plant maintenance: Reading and interpreting plant operating data, troubleshooting in sensors / actuators (mastering signal processing). • Troubleshooting and their causes at plants of high complexity, which are increasingly networked with other components / machines / plants. • Independently support process optimization, ensure information gathering and bring ideas for improvement from daily activities. • Hybrid task perception of the specialists at the plants (mechanical, electrical / electronic and software-based tasks). Quelle: bayme vbm Studie Industrie 4. 0 Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Core results of the bayme study • Developing a process understanding - Holistic thinking in process contexts, thinking in networked systems and interdisciplinary contexts. • Collaboration and partnership in networked processes and value chains across different domains and hierarchies. . • New job descriptions are not considered necessary. However, a significant modification (reorientation) of the M + E professions with a process and digitization perspective, which must focus on networking, digitizing processes and designing smart workplaces, is required. Quelle: bayme vbm Studie Industrie 4. 0 Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Requirements of other studies (VDMA study and BIBB-VW study) Conclusions BIBB-VW study (Zinke i. a. 2017): • IT skills have gained a higher status and are standing in a professional, system and process context, • Profiles are qualifications for system and process understanding as well as problem solving, • Core competences for this are to be conveyed in the vocational training (core occupation) and must be developed within the scope of further education and work. Conclusions VDMA study (Pfeiffer i. a. 2016): • Dealing with increased complexity [. . . ] more or new competences "(p. 87) are required or / and • that an "even stronger link between different professional domains" (p. 90) is required. Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Change of perspective in vocational education Defining process understanding new - networking must be placed at the center of training „ Professionals need to think and optimize systems and their function from the processes and software. "(Expert Workshop) The software-technical networking with the associated CPS elements is continuously disseminated. As a result of an increasing diffusion of Industry 4. 0, systems and machines must always be thought of and considered by • networking, • CP-systems, • software and • Process integration This significantly changes the interaction between human and machine. Quelle: bayme vbm Studie Industrie 4. 0 Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband 06. 04. 2017 Technik und ihre Didaktik
Skills for the future - comprehensive Social competences in the context of action Personal competences in the context of action • Communication skills Communication about mutual experiences, about different solutions to problems with increasing dynamics, complexity and change • Self-management Self-control of work actions in dynamic structures and processes • Ability to act Collaboration and partnership cooperation in networked processes and value chains • Holistic thinking Thinking in networked systems and interdisciplinary contexts • Ablility to integrate Willingness to build social relationships in process -related networks • Individual responsibility Willingness to include networked and interdisciplinary problem solving requirements • Ability to work in a team Flexible, team-oriented work action, even in virtual work situations • Willingness to learn Self-learning competence for an individually designed, adaptive and multimodally supported qualification in the work process Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband Technik und ihre Didaktik 06. 04. 2017
Skills for the future - comprehensive Digitization of work - comprehensive • Online communication Voting, coordination, disposition, . . • Data entry, data analysis Process control, data and quality management, . . • Data processing and transfer Part numbers, data analysis, process data, . . • Online search and research Instructions, descriptions of functions, problem solving. . • Online learning Qualification modules, blog, learning platform, . . Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband Technik und ihre Didaktik Data protection and information security – comprehensive • Data protection (personal data / privacy) - hazards, risks - Legal framework - Activities - Code of Conduct • Information technology security (digital systems / networking) - General conditions / framework - Threat situations - Organizational and technical measures / strategies 06. 04. 2017
Learning within digital processes Aim Knowledge transfer and problem solving Learning 4. 0 as a constructive, active, self -directed, social and cooperative process Acquisition of knowledge /abilities Interactive technologies (CBT, WBT, … Information transfer Collaborative technologies (Blended learning, virtual classroom by using web 2. 0, wiki, chats. . . ) Distributive technologies (hypertext or hyper media systems) Procedure formally Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband Technik und ihre Didaktik 06. 04. 2017
Evaluation & conclusions on VET 4. 0 • Further develop of the value of VET; • Inter-occupational tasks (between the industrial-technical and commercial occupations) within a business and work process to Industry 4. 0 are still the exception; • Focuses of further training are too limited to automation technology (and often only related to technology) - work process reference is missing; • Concrete didactic concepts for the promotion of holistic thinking in process contexts as well as thinking in networked systems are the exception – the implementation of the digitization has so far been restricted mainly to technological offers Prof. Dr. Lars Windelband Technik und ihre Didaktik 06. 04. 2017
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