INNOVATION S AND IMPACT SWBAT Describe how industrialization
INNOVATION S AND IMPACT SWBAT: Describe how industrialization impacted wealth and class structure
Do Now: Identify as many of these late 19 th C. inventions as you can! Multiple Choice Practice! Eastman’s Kodak Camera 1888 Typewriter 1897 Adding Machine from 1887 Edison’s Lamp 1879 Cash Register 18 A. G. B. ’s Telephone 187
Inventions 1866: Transatlantic cable allowed for messages to be sent overseas in minutes 1900: cables linked all continents global communication internationalized markets & prices New inventions became essential tools for Edison Westinghouse business: • Voting machine • Air brake for railroads • • • 1 st modern research lab Phonograph Lamp (lightbulb) Mimeograph machine Motion picture camera • High-voltage transformer lighting of cities, streetcars, subways
Marketing Increase in output of goods marketing R. H. Macy, Marshall Field, Woolworth’s “ 5 and 10” Mail Order Companies: �Sears, Montgomery Ward Catalogs known as “wish books” Similar Modern Day Company: _______ Packaged Foods, Refrigerated
Impact of Industrialization Concentration of Wealth � 1890 s: wealthiest 10% of pop. Controlled 90% of nation’s wealth �Class of millionaires forms �Horatio Alger Myth: the "classic" American success story and character arc from "rags to riches“ Horatio Alger, Jr. , wrote wildly
The Breakers & Marble House Vanderbilt’s (steamships & railroad) summer “cottage” in Newport, RI
The Elms Berwind’s (coal) summer cottage in Newport, RI
Rosecli ff Oelrichs’ (silver) retreat in Newport, RI
Impact of Industrialization Expanding Middle Class �“White-collar” workers filled administrative roles �Middle class positions opened: accountants, clerical workers, salespeople increased demand for other middle-class professionals (lawyers, doctors, public employees, storekeepers) Wage Earners �By 1900: ⅔ of all working Americans worked
Impact of Industrialization Working Women �Only 5% of married women worked outside home �Most workers young and single �Factory work was usually extension of home: textile, garment, food processing �Demand for clerical workers = women replacing male occupations as secretaries, bookkeepers, typists, telephone operators �This led to lost status and lower
Impact of Industrialization Labor Discontent �Factory work: Monotonous Immigrants & migrants from rural U. S. Railroad & mining = dangerous Exposure to chemicals, pollutants �Rebellion against intolerable working conditions by missing work or quitting 20% dropped out of industries & smaller %
Thinking Like A Historian “America Picks Up the Telephone” (p 578 -579) �Read & analyze the 6 documents with your partner (HIPP!) �Then, complete the “Analyzing the Evidence” questions together
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