Injuries to the Foot Foot and ankle problems
![Injuries to the Foot Injuries to the Foot](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-1.jpg)
Injuries to the Foot
![• Foot and ankle problems are among the most common health concerns in • Foot and ankle problems are among the most common health concerns in](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-2.jpg)
• Foot and ankle problems are among the most common health concerns in the US – ¾ of Americans will experience a foot injury/problem in their life • Facts – Podiatry is the study of feet – 150 lb person runs 3 miles – each foot will have an impact of 150 tons – Without athletic stress – foot problems contribute to problems in the knees, hips, and lower back – Healthy feet are critical to a successful fitness program
![Ankle Sprains • Sprains are the most common reason people visit the Orthopedic Dr Ankle Sprains • Sprains are the most common reason people visit the Orthopedic Dr](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-3.jpg)
Ankle Sprains • Sprains are the most common reason people visit the Orthopedic Dr and the ER – 45% of basketball injuries are the ankle • 80% of ankle sprains are from excessive inversion – Most common is the talo-fibular ligament – Least common – eversion because the deltoid ligament is so strong
![• Degrees of an ankle sprain – 1 st Degree: Ligament is stretched • Degrees of an ankle sprain – 1 st Degree: Ligament is stretched](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-4.jpg)
• Degrees of an ankle sprain – 1 st Degree: Ligament is stretched • • Minor discomfort Point tenderness Little or no swelling No abnormal movement
![– 2 nd Degree: Part of ligament is torn • Pain & Swelling • – 2 nd Degree: Part of ligament is torn • Pain & Swelling •](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-5.jpg)
– 2 nd Degree: Part of ligament is torn • Pain & Swelling • Loss of function • Abnormal movement of joint – 3 rd Degree: Completely torn • • • Joint instable Extreme pain no pain at all (nerve damage) Loss of function Rapid swelling Possible fracture accompanies it
![• Treatment: – PRICE – Splint, tape, or brace will protect from further • Treatment: – PRICE – Splint, tape, or brace will protect from further](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-6.jpg)
• Treatment: – PRICE – Splint, tape, or brace will protect from further injury – If it causes pain – DON’T do it – Ice A LOT for the 1 st 24 hours – Compression bandage
![• Rehabilitation – Range of Motion exercises – Stretch muscles – Strength muscles • Rehabilitation – Range of Motion exercises – Stretch muscles – Strength muscles](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-7.jpg)
• Rehabilitation – Range of Motion exercises – Stretch muscles – Strength muscles
![Arch Sprain • The arch contributes to balance, movement, support, and shock absorption – Arch Sprain • The arch contributes to balance, movement, support, and shock absorption –](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-8.jpg)
Arch Sprain • The arch contributes to balance, movement, support, and shock absorption – All 3 arches can be sprained – If arch is weak – it can’t absorb the shock • The following can lead to arch problems: – Overuse – Overweight – Fatigue – Training on hard surfaces – Poor shoes
![• Signs/Symptoms – Pain when bearing weight – Bruising/swelling on top of foot • Signs/Symptoms – Pain when bearing weight – Bruising/swelling on top of foot](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-9.jpg)
• Signs/Symptoms – Pain when bearing weight – Bruising/swelling on top of foot • Treatment – ICE – Support
![Blisters • Can occur on any part of body with friction – Most common Blisters • Can occur on any part of body with friction – Most common](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-10.jpg)
Blisters • Can occur on any part of body with friction – Most common on feet • As layers of skin rub together, friction causes separation between the layers – Body responds with fluid – Fluid creates pressure on nerves (pain) – It it breaks – now its an open wound and susceptible to infection – Do NOT ignore • This minor injury remove from your sports
![• Treatment – The goal is to: • Relieve Pain • Keep from • Treatment – The goal is to: • Relieve Pain • Keep from](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-11.jpg)
• Treatment – The goal is to: • Relieve Pain • Keep from getting bigger • Avoid infection – Do not remove skin unless its flapping • Putting a bandaid on it doesn’t work • Create a raised surface around blister
![Turf Toe • Definition: hyperextension of big toe – Sprain the metatarsophalangeal ligament • Turf Toe • Definition: hyperextension of big toe – Sprain the metatarsophalangeal ligament •](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-12.jpg)
Turf Toe • Definition: hyperextension of big toe – Sprain the metatarsophalangeal ligament • Big Toe is very important for balance, movement and speed
![• Treatment – PRICE – X-ray to rule out fractures • Treatment – PRICE – X-ray to rule out fractures](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-13.jpg)
• Treatment – PRICE – X-ray to rule out fractures
![Plantar Fasciitis • Plantar Fascia – ligament that connect heel to toes – Supports Plantar Fasciitis • Plantar Fascia – ligament that connect heel to toes – Supports](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-14.jpg)
Plantar Fasciitis • Plantar Fascia – ligament that connect heel to toes – Supports the arch • Can be strained by: – Overuse – Unsupportive footwear – Tight Achilles tendon – Running on hard surfaces – Chronic irritation • Long distance runners • Basketball/volleyball from jumping and landing
![• Experience pain from bottom of foot to the heel • IF untreated: • Experience pain from bottom of foot to the heel • IF untreated:](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-15.jpg)
• Experience pain from bottom of foot to the heel • IF untreated: – Bone imbalance, heel spurs, muscle strains, and shin splints • Treatment: – Correct your training errors – Ice and massage – Wear correct shoes – Add cushion or inserts to shoes
![Heel Spur • Definition: bony growth on calcaneus causing inflammatory response in soft tissue Heel Spur • Definition: bony growth on calcaneus causing inflammatory response in soft tissue](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-16.jpg)
Heel Spur • Definition: bony growth on calcaneus causing inflammatory response in soft tissue • Signs/Symptoms: – pain • Treatment: – Tape Arch or use supports – Anti-inflammatory – Possible surgery
![Heel Bruise • The heel consists of ligaments, tendons, and fat pads – All Heel Bruise • The heel consists of ligaments, tendons, and fat pads – All](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-17.jpg)
Heel Bruise • The heel consists of ligaments, tendons, and fat pads – All subject to stress and injury • Definition: Contusion on the heel bone • Can be very disabling • Treatment – ICE
![Fractures • Immediately impair the ability to perform competitively • Sign/symptoms: – Pain – Fractures • Immediately impair the ability to perform competitively • Sign/symptoms: – Pain –](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-18.jpg)
Fractures • Immediately impair the ability to perform competitively • Sign/symptoms: – Pain – point tender – Bruising – Swelling – Can’t bear weight (unless its fibula) • Treatment – Ice and seek a doctor
![Ingrown toenail • Definition: nail has grown into skin of toe – Leads to Ingrown toenail • Definition: nail has grown into skin of toe – Leads to](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-19.jpg)
Ingrown toenail • Definition: nail has grown into skin of toe – Leads to pain and/or infection • Causes – Shoes to tight – Toenails clipped incorrectly • Treatment – Soak foot in warm epson salt solution multiple times a day – Cut it out
![Athlete’s Foot • Definition: fungal infection of the foot • Very contagious • Signs/Symptoms Athlete’s Foot • Definition: fungal infection of the foot • Very contagious • Signs/Symptoms](http://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h2/507116c0522657c50cd1cde3bb29602a/image-20.jpg)
Athlete’s Foot • Definition: fungal infection of the foot • Very contagious • Signs/Symptoms – Extreme itching, blisters, rash • Treatment – OTC antifungal creams
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