Inherently FST Thermosets Solution for Aerospace Interior Composites

Inherently FST Thermosets Solution for Aerospace Interior Composites Kuanqiang Gao, Ph. D The Eighth Triennial International Fire & Cabin Safety Research Conference October 24 – 27, 2016 Advanced Materials

Outlines HUNTSMAN in Aerospace Structural FST thermoset solution for interior composites Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Cost effective EHS friendly FST alternative to phenolics Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Improving current composites epoxy systems LME 11082 New adhesives & syntactics for interior Epocast® 1645 FR and Epibond ® 8000 FR Conclusion Advanced Materials

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HUNTSMAN in Aerospace SPECIALTY COMPONENTS PREPREGGER FORMULATOR HUNTSMAN AERO PORTFOLIO FORMULATED SYSTEMS TIER OEM TIER SPECIALTY COMPONENTS 200+ PRODUCTS (EPOXY, CURING AGENTS, BISMALEIMIDE, BENZOXAZINE) 5 QUALIFIED MANUFACTURING SITES FORMULATED SYSTEMS 100+ PRODUCTS (ADHESIVES, SYNTACTICS, COMPOSITES, REPAIR) 2 QUALIFIED MANUFACTURING SITES Advanced Materials

Outlines HUNTSMAN in Aerospace Structural FST thermoset solution for interior composites Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Cost effective EHS friendly FST alternative to phenolics Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Improving current composites epoxy systems LME 11082 New adhesives & syntactics for interior Epocast® 1645 FR, Epibond ® 8000 FR Conclusion Advanced Materials

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Unique combination of performance 1 FST 4 2 1 Phenolic Prepreg 2 Phenolic Liquid Process 3 Epoxy Liquid Process 4 Epoxy prepreg Thermoplastic organosheets 5 Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 5 Design complexity 3 Structural Advanced Materials

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Unique combination of performance Features Capability Inherently flame retardant FST according to FAR 25. 853 Unfilled Low viscosity Latent Design complexity RTM & Infusion Applications Efficient production of interior structural CFRP / GFRP with maximized weight savings Complex parts & function integration High productivity of small / medium parts High mechanicals Structural applications Large parts Fast cure Low exotherm High productivity High thickness Advanced Materials 8

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Processing High quality versatile processing Ø 2 -component liquid system Ø Injection capability 50 -150°C Ø Very low reaction energy (ca. 220 J/g): Ø low risk of exotherm Ø high temperature injection of high thickness parts Viscosity versus injection temperature Advanced Materials 9

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Processing High quality versatile processing Ø Large part production with low cost / low temperature resistance molds Ø High productivity of small / medium part (pre-cure of 5 min 150°C) Ø Putrusion speed of ca. 10 meters / hour Production cycle examples Viscosity build-up versus temperature In-mould cure Large part 1 H 100ºC + 1 H 120ºC Free-stand post-cure (1) 2 H 180ºC ILSS 23ºC CFRP (2) 56 MPa 64 MPa Small / medium part 5 min 150ºC 2 H 180ºC ILSS 23ºC CFRP (2) 54 MPa 65 MPa (1) optional depending on in-mould cure conditions (2) 5 H Satin, 370 gsm, TVf 50% Advanced Materials 10

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Mechanicals Highly structural solution Ø High Tg and ILSS Ø High tensile and medium toughness Test Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Dry DMA Tg 260ºC Wet DMA Tg 185ºC K 1 C 0. 9 MPa. √m G 1 C 270 J/m 2 Tensile modulus 3000 MPa Tensile strength 100 MPa Tensile elongation 5 % ILSS at 23ºC 97 MPa ILSS at 120ºC 65 MPa ILSS at 160ºC 55 MPa NEAT CFRP UD (1) Standard ISO 6721 ISO 13586 ISO 527 ASTM D 2344 (1) UD, 6 K, 270 gsm, TVf 60% Advanced Materials 11

Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Flame, Smoke & Toxicity FST compliant solution Ø Meets FST in all configurations: glass & carbon in all thickness Ø Meets Heat release in low thickness. Heat release version under development (see Latest dev. column) Latest dev. Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Fiber type CFRP(1) GFRP(2) FAR 25. 853 requirements Thickness (mm) 0. 3 2 0. 3 4 4 Vertical burn 12 s Burn length (mm) After flame time (s) Drip flame time(s) 88 9 0 48 15 0 AITM 2. 0002 B <203 <15 <5 Vertical burn 60 s Burn length (mm) After flame time (s) Drip flame time (s) 82 0 0 47 6 0 65 0 0 AITM 2. 0002 A <152 <15 3 Heat release HRR max (k. W/m 2) HR (k. W. min/m 2) 63 32 85 90 45 25 74 16 32 11 Toxicity (flaming mode) Components toxicity level Smoke After 4 min pass 23 12 AITM 2. 0006 <65 AITM 3. 0005 16 46 AITM 2. 0007 A <200 (1) 5 H Satin, 6 K, 270 gsm, TVf 50 % (2) 8 H Satin, 300 gsm, TVf 50% Advanced Materials 12

Outlines HUNTSMAN in Aerospace Structural FST thermoset solution for interior composites Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Cost effective EHS friendly FST alternative to phenolics Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Improving current composites epoxy systems LME 11082 New adhesives & syntactics for interior Epocast® 1645 FR, Epibond ® 8000 FR Conclusion Advanced Materials

Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Unique combination of performance 1 Phenolic Prepreg 2 Bis-F Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35700 3 Benzoxazine Araldite® XU 35710 FST 1 2 3 Cost EHS Advanced Materials

Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Unique combination of performance Features Capability Inherently Flame Retardant FST & heat release FAR 25. 853 & ABD 0031 Liquid Prepreg w/w and w/o solvent & Liquid Process No Volatile EHS friendly No porosity & high laminate quality Applications Cost effective, high quality, EHS friendly, production of non-structural up to semi- structural Medium Mechanicals Semi Structural Cost effective Competitive to Phenolics interior composites Advanced Materials

Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Processing Prepreg w/w and w/o solvent & Liquid Cost effective Liquid Process Competitive to Phenolics Improvement vs. Araldite® MT 35700 (Bis-F Benzoxazine) Ø Liquid at 23°C, < 100 m. Pas above 100°C Ø Cost effective for phenolic substitution can find applications in prepreg hot-melt and solvent based as well as direct process Physical Form Viscosity at 60 o. C Melting point (°C) Araldite® MT 35710 FST Bis/F Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35700 Amber viscous liquid Solid 1500 m. Pas 55 - 65 Advanced Materials

Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Mechanical & FST Inherently Flame Retardant FST & heat release FAR 25. 853 & Medium Mechanicals Semi-structural FST solution Ø Medium Tg of 140°C Ø Medium toughness Ø Meets FST and heat release according to FAR 25. 853 / ABD 0031 NEAT GFRP (1) Semi Structural applications ABD 0031 Test Araldite® MT 35710 FST Typical Areo Phenolic Tg DSC (ºC) 140 K 1 C (MPa. √m) 0. 92 G 1 C (J/m 2) 200 Tensile modulus (MPa) 4900 Tensile strength (MPa) 60 Tensile elongation (%) 1. 3 Tensile modulus (warp) (GPa) 28 19 -24 Tensile strength (warp) (MPa) 457 380 -400 Compression modulus (warp) (GPa) 29 20 -24 Compression strength (warp) (MPa) 555 350 -380 ILSS (warp) (MPa) 50 24 -50 better performance than phenolics Standard ISO 11357 -2 Fiber type Araldite® MT 35710 FST GFRP(1) ISO 13586 ISO 527 ISO 14126 ISO 14130 Thickness (mm) 0. 6 FAR 25. 853 requirements Vertical burn 60 s Burn length (mm) After flame time (s) Drip flame time (s) 94 0 0 AITM 2. 0002 A <152 <15 <3 Heat release HRR max (k. W/m 2) HR (k. W. min/m 2) 18 29 AITM 2. 0006 <65 pass AITM 3. 0005 11 AITM 2. 0007 A <200 Toxicity (flaming mode) Components toxicity level Smoke After 4 min (1) 8 H Satin, 300 gsm, TVf 50% Advanced Materials

Outlines HUNTSMAN in Aerospace Structural FST thermoset solution for interior composites Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Cost effective EHS friendly FST alternative to phenolics Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Improving current composites epoxy systems LME 11082 New adhesives & syntactics for interior Epocast® 1645 FR, Epibond ® 8000 FR Conclusion Advanced Materials

New inherently FST epoxy LME 11082 Structural inherently FST epoxy (tested with a typical high Tg curing agent): Ø Meets FST and heat release according to FAR 25. 853 / ABD 0031 Ø Similar mechanical performance as Bis-A epoxy Fiber type Cure cycle Thickness (mm) LME 11082 XB 3473 GFRP(1) 2 H 120ºC + 2 H 140ºC + 2 H 180ºC 0. 3 FAR 25. 853 requirements Vertical burn 12 s Burn length (mm) After flame time (s) Drip flame time (s) 80 0 0 AITM 2. 0002 B <203 <15 <5 Vertical burn 60 s Burn length (mm) After flame time (s) Drip flame time (s) 85 0 0 AITM 2. 0002 A <152 <15 <3 Heat release HRR max (k. W/m 2) HR (k. W. min/m 2) 38 21 AITM 2. 0006 <65 pass AITM 3. 0005 43 AITM 2. 0007 A <200 Toxicity (flaming mode) Components toxicity level Smoke After 4 min can substitute standard epoxy, novolac in structural prepreg and RTM (interior & exterior) Test LME 11082 Bis-A Standard ISO 6721 With hardener XB 3473 NEAT DMA Tg (ºC) 180 185 K 1 C (MPa. √m) 0. 6 G 1 C (J/m 2) 140 165 Tensile modulus (MPa) 2700 2500 Tensile strength (MPa) 50 47 Tensile elongation (%) 2. 5 2. 65 ISO 13586 ISO 527 (1) 8 H Satin, 300 gsm, TVf 50% Advanced Materials

Outlines HUNTSMAN in Aerospace Structural FST thermoset solution for interior composites Araldite® FST 40002 / 40003 Cost effective EHS friendly FST alternative to phenolics Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST Improving current composites epoxy systems LME 11082 New adhesives & syntactics for interior Epocast® 1645 FR, Epibond ® 8000 FR Conclusion Advanced Materials

New adhesives and syntactics Drivers Product Application Features Fast assembly REACH 100% FR / FST in Interior Weight savings Epibond® 8000 FR A/B Epocast® 1645 FR A/B Two-part epoxy adhesive Two-parts epoxy syntactic Honeycomb panels bonding Metals and composite bonding Insert bonding Honeycomb edge filling Honeycomb void filling FST acc to FAR 25. 853 Ultra low density 0. 48 High shear, peel & compressive strength 12 s vertical (FAR 25. 853 B) High productivity, 55 min work life Fast gel time of 65 min Extrudable 2: 1 cartridge Quickly sandable Advanced Materials

Summary Inherently FST Thermosets Resins All meets FST/ heat release according to FAR 25. 853/ABD 0031 Araldite® FST 40002/40003 • • • Low viscosity Unfilled Latent High mechanicals Fast cure Low exotherm Design complexity RTM & Infusion Structure Application High productivity Benzoxazine Araldite® MT 35710 FST • Liquid resin LME 11082 EHS Friendly Prepreg or infusion Interior application Cost effective Substitute standard epoxy novolac Prepreg /RTM Process Structural application • No volatile release • Medium mechanicals • High quality laminate w/o porosity • Competitive to phenolics • Special epoxy resin • Similar mechanical performance to DGEBA Advanced Materials 22

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Question? kuanqiang_gao@huntsman. com todd_holder@huntsman. com Advanced Materials 24