Infinitives Danilina E K Formula to Verb Infinitive

Infinitives Danilina E. K.

Formula: to + Verb

Infinitive Phrases An infinitive phrase is a group of words that includes an infinitive and any other words to complete its meaning. Example: To fly a plane was her goal. ØTo fly is the infinitive (to + verb) ØTo fly a plane is the infinitive phrase.

Non-Example I went to the store with my two year old brother, Jake. The above examples are not infinitives. Ø“To the store” is a prepositional phrase.

Infinitive without TO Вспомогательные и модальные глаголы had better, would rather to hear, to feel, to notice, to see to make, to let • can, may, might, must, will, shall, would • ex. : She can dance. • BUT! ought to, have to, be to • ex. : He ought to answer you. • ex. : You had better help her. • ex. : I would rather go by train. • ex. : I saw him jump. • ex. : She heard the clock strike eight. • ex. : What makes you think so? • To употребляется, если эти глаголы – в страдательном залоге • ex. : She was made to repeat the story.

Type of Infinitive Simple Infinitive Form to work, to fall (to + verb) Progressive/Continuous to be working, to be Infinitive falling (to be + verb+ing) Perfective Infinitive to have worked, to have fallen (to HAVE + past participle)

Verbs in the main and dependent clause The SAME tense of the verb in both the main and the dependent clause Type of infinitive Simple infinitive The verb in the main clause in the Progressive/ SIMPLE aspect and the verb in the Continuous infinitive dependent clause in the CONTINOUS aspect (but in the same tense). The verb in the dependent clause in Perfective infinitive the “older” tense than the verb in the main clause

Passive + infinitive Main clause Dependent clause It is believed (that) they work as managers. Passive Voice – Present Simple Tense the same tense

We use the passive + infinitive: 1. when the statement is speculative (the information is not confirmed) e. g. Many investment banks are believed to have suffered losses in recent months. 2. mainly in newspaper reporting e. g. The Hungarian economy is expected to expand by 6% over the next two years. 3. with verbs such as: SAY, THINK, ALLEGE, CONSIDER, BELIEVE, REPORT, RUMOUR, SUPPOSE, KNOW, EXPECT, UNDERSTAND, THINK, etc.