Infectious Disease 1 Infectious Disease Any disease that

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Infectious Disease

Infectious Disease

1. Infectious Disease • Any disease that is caused by an agent that has

1. Infectious Disease • Any disease that is caused by an agent that has invaded the body.

2. Pathogen • Any agent that causes disease.

2. Pathogen • Any agent that causes disease.

3. Common Pathogens • Bacteria – single celled organisms. • Viruses – genetic material

3. Common Pathogens • Bacteria – single celled organisms. • Viruses – genetic material covered in a protein shell. • Fungi – absorbs nutrients from living and nonliving organisms. • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things.

4. Transmission of Disease • Person-to-person – sneezing, coughing, sharing drinks, contact. • Food

4. Transmission of Disease • Person-to-person – sneezing, coughing, sharing drinks, contact. • Food and Water – improperly treated water, and improperly prepared foods. • Environment – doorknobs, money, and soil. • Animals – pets, stray animals, and insects.

5. Treatment • Bacterial infections – antibiotics • Viral infections – no cure, symptoms

5. Treatment • Bacterial infections – antibiotics • Viral infections – no cure, symptoms are treated, must run its course. • Fungal infections – OTC antifungal, oral meds in severe cases. • Protozoan infections – prescription meds. • Parasitic infections – medicated shampoos (lice), prescription meds.

6. Body’s defenses • Physical Barriers – Skin – Mucous membranes – Chemicals –

6. Body’s defenses • Physical Barriers – Skin – Mucous membranes – Chemicals – sweat, stomach acid, tears • Inflammatory Response • Immune System – Antibodies – White blood cells

7. Inflammation • A reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by, pain,

7. Inflammation • A reaction to injury or infection that is characterized by, pain, redness, and swelling.

8. Precautions • Wash your hands • Exercise regularly • Eat a healthy, wellbalanced

8. Precautions • Wash your hands • Exercise regularly • Eat a healthy, wellbalanced diet. • Regular medical checks • Avoid close contact with • Drink water (8 -10 glasses sick people. a day) • Get enough sleep • Reduce stress levels • Get vaccinated

9. Prevention • Get vaccinated • Keep clean – Bathing – Washing hands •

9. Prevention • Get vaccinated • Keep clean – Bathing – Washing hands • Don’t share personal items – Toothbrushes – Hairbrushes – Food and drinks • Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing. • Be on guard outdoors – Insect repellant – Don’t drink from streams – Wild animals

10. Common Viral Infections • • • Influenza (flu) Cold Mumps Measles Mononucleosis Hepatitis

10. Common Viral Infections • • • Influenza (flu) Cold Mumps Measles Mononucleosis Hepatitis

11. Other common infections • Fungal – athletes foot; ringworm • Protozoan – malaria,

11. Other common infections • Fungal – athletes foot; ringworm • Protozoan – malaria, amoebic dysentery • Parasitic – lice, leeches, ticks, tapeworms, hookworms, and pinworms.