Infection prevention and control Objectives Describe the importance

Infection prevention and control

Objectives �Describe the importance of Infection prevention in your areas of work �Identify the of the chain of infection and routes of transmission �List the various Microorganisms �Explain the importance of Hand hygiene �Outline use of Personal protective equipment �Look at dealing with Sharp injuries �Outline the correct procedure for waste disposal �Staff health

Infection control at work “We need to presume that everyone is potentially infectious and the environment is dirty and highly infectious” Is this too tough?

Workplace infection �No, because the workplace is a major source of infection over which you have no control. Your workplace can and does make you sick. In work we are surrounded by lots of people who are sharing the same facilities and the same air. The workplace may be amongst the worst places in terms of infection with only planes, public transport, school, doctors surgeries and pubs being worse.

Workplace bacteria

Bacteria facts The average office desk has more than 400 time more bacteria than a toilet Researchers found 1, 458 new species of bacteria in belly buttons Mobile phones have 18 more bacteria than toilet handles When 2 people kiss they exchange between 10 million and 1 billion bacteria There are more bacteria in your mouth than there are people in the world Tap water has a shelf life of 6 months, after which chlorine dissipates and bacteria starts to grow

Healthcare Associated Infections �There are both human and financial costs with acquiring Healthcare Associated Infections (HCAI). It is estimated that 4% of patients in hospital will have a HCAI Both vulnerable and sick patients in the community are also at risk of acquiring infections which cost the NHS £ 1 billion per year. The time patients spend in hospital may be increased to an average 2. 5 times longer than anticipated which can cause additional stress to patients, relatives and carers.

Healthcare Associated Infections Examples of HCAI are: �MRSA – Methicillin Resistant Stapplococcus Aureaus �CDIFF – Clostridium Difficile �Pseudomonas – Found in wounds �Nora virus – D&V �Rotovirus – D&V

Microorganisms Germs can be found everywhere, in all kinds of places. The four major types of germs are: Viruses Bacteria Fungi Protozoa

Microorganisms �Bacteria – 1 celled creatures that get there nutrients from their environments in order to live. Bacteria can reproduce outside the body or within the body as they cause infections. Some infections bacteria cause are Tonsillitis or Strep throat, ear infections, cavities and Pneumonia. �Viruses – Live inside living cells to grow and reproduce. When viruses get inside peoples bodies, they can spread and make people ill. Viruses cause Chickenpox, Measles, Flu and many other diseases.

Microorganisms �Protozoa – One called organisms that love moisture and often spread diseases through water. Some protozoa cause intestinal infections that lead to diarrhoea, nausea and belly pain Eg: Cholera, Dysentery and Legionellosis. �Fungi – Multi celled plant like organisms. Unlike other plants, fungi cannot make their own food from soil, water and air. Instead fungi gets their nutrition from plants, people and animals. They love to live in damp, warm places and many fungi are not dangerous. Example of fungi infections are athletes foot, oral thrush, nail infections and

Microorganism images

Hand Hygiene Before performing Hand Hygiene �Expose forearms. �Remove all hand wrist jewellery ( a single plain metal finger ring is ok, but should be removed during hand hygiene). �Ensure finger nails are clean, short and artificial nails or nail products are not worn. �Cover all cuts and abrasions with a waterproof plaster. If hands are dirty or soiled or when exposure to C Diff or Nova virus is suspected/proven, alcohol based hand rubs should not be used alone, hands should be washed first with soap and water

Hand Hygiene

WHO – 5 MOMENT CAMPAIGN

Glowbug exercise

Personal Protective Equipment should always be used when dealing with contamination or splashing with blood or body fluids is anticipated. PPE include: Disposable gloves Plastic aprons Face masks Safety glasses, goggles or visors Head protection Foot protection

Sharps injuries

Sharps Injuries �STOP what you are doing. �SQUEEZE under warm water to encourage bleeding but DO NOT suck the injury. �WASH thoroughly with soap and water or antiseptic hand wash, do not scrub the site. �COVER the site with a waterproof dressing. �CONTACT your manager immediately. �REPORT to Occupational Health or A & E according to agreed local procedure. �COMPLETE the relevant incident / accident form.

Waste disposal Yellow bags – Clinical waste – High risk – Tied prior to incineration Orange bags – Infectious clinical waste – High risk - Tied prior to incineration �Contaminated waste including body fluids and human tissue. Black bag - Household waste – Low risk – Tied prior to incineration � Paper towels, packaging, other waste not dangerously contaminated

Linen disposal �Clean Laundry – White cloth bags �Dirty Laundry – Red plastic bags

Odd one out exercise - Laundry

Thank you Diolch yn fawr