Inerting System Testing NEA Ullage Washing Testing With

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Outline • • • Background Ullage Washing Data Model Validation

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Background • Obtained Nitrogen Supply System from Air Liquide to

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Nondimensional Time • Want to Express Time in Terms of

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Nondimensional Oxygen Concentration • Want to Express [O 2] in

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Effects of Ullage Temperature / [THC] • Performed Several Tests

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Future Work • Continue with Re-circulate and Replace Work and

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Inerting System Testing ____________________________ NEA Ullage Washing Testing With a Vented Fuel Tank August 29 th-30 th, 2000 International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Outline • • • Background Ullage Washing Data Model Validation Hydrocarbon Effects Data Temperature Effects Data AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Background • Obtained Nitrogen Supply System from Air Liquide to Examine Fuel Tank Ullage Washing • Utilized Existing Test Article • Primary Task is to Characterize the Ability of Nitrogen to Inert an Empty Fuel Tank – Effective of Nitrogen Purity, Flow Rate – Effective Ullage Temperature / Hydrocarbon Concentration AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Nondimensional Time • Want to Express Time in Terms of Volume Delivered • Volumetric Tank Exchange = Time * Volume Flow Rate / Total Tank Volume • Should Allow for Comparison of Data with Different Parameters, Regardless of Volume Flow Rate AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Nondimensional Oxygen Concentration • Want to Express [O 2] in Terms of Purity Delivered. Consider that Gas is Slowly Changing the Ullage to Gas Purity • Tank Inertion Ratio = Air[O 2] - Tank[O 2] / Air[O 2] - NEA[O 2] • Should Allow for Comparison of Data with Different Parameters, Regardless of Purity AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Effects of Ullage Temperature / [THC] • Performed Several Tests Varying Tank Ullage Temperature and Total Hydrocarbon Concentration • Used Hot Plate Element, Kerosene Heater, and Liquid CO 2 • Final Results Show Little Effect on Time to Inert AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D

Inerting System Testing ____________________________ Future Work • Continue with Re-circulate and Replace Work and Quantify Benefit • Extrapolate Requirements for an On-Aircraft System and Determine Preliminary Cost/Ben • Work with Manufacturers to Develop Innovative Designs to Cut Cost/Weight/Size AAR-422 Fire Safety R&D