Industry and Transportation CHAPTER 3 Interchangeable parts WhoWhat

Industry and Transportation CHAPTER 3

Interchangeable parts Who/What? -Identical components used in place of one another -Invented by Eli Whitney When/Where? -Early 1800 s -United States Benefits -made the production of a wide range of manufactured goods more efficient.

Sewing Machines Who/What? -Invented by Elias Howe -Improved by Isaac Singer When/Where? -1846 Benefits -Lowered cost and increased speed of making cloth to clothing

Telegraph Who/What? -Samuel F. B. Morse -works by using electrical pulses that go along lines to carry encoded messages. When/Where? -1837 -USA Benefits -Morse code could send messages in longer distances in a quicker speed than ever before.

Steamboat Who/What? -Robert Fulton made 1 st commerically successful steamboat “The Clermot” -worked by buring coal or wood to make steam power When/Where? -Clermot made successful journey from NYC to Albany in 1807 Benefits -Much easier to travel upstream against current. -decreased the time it took to move people and goods.

Canals Who/What? -Efficient water transportation -Erie Canal is most famous When/Where? Benefits -Linked farms -early 1800 s and expanded -Mostly in Northeastern US cities. -Erie Canal made NYC the nations greatest commercial center.

Railroads Who/What? -Steam powered and moves on tracks. -Most dramatic advancement in transportation in the 1800 s When/Where? -Largely developed in Great Britain. -Appeared in US in 1820 s. Benefits -Much quicker movement -Pulls heavy goods/loads -more easily scale hills than Canals

Section 3. 2: Southern Agricultural Economy and Society CHAPTER 3

1. It was originally thought that a shift from Tobacco to Wheat cultivation would slowly undermine the slave system. This did not affect the Deep South in which slavery became more profitable as cotton became the south’s leading crop.

2. This led to an increase of slavery rather than a decrease 3. Cotton Gin: Created by Eli Whitney. It reduced the amount of time it cost of separating the cotton seeds from the valuable white fiber. Made cotton cultivation more profitable.

4. Cotton becomes the south leading crop “King Cotton”. Which shows that cotton was the ruler of the South’s economy. 5. Cotton limited regional development. Most of the south became too dependent on one crop. When prices were high that singular dependency was good but when prices were low it was bad on the southern economy.

6. Plantations dispersed the population. Led to a decrease in urban growth which made the South less attractive to immigrants who looked for wage work. This allowed the northern population to grow much faster than the southern populations, which also increased the political power of the north, particularly in the House of Representatives.

YAY ITS…QUIZ TIME You CAN use the use terms you defined for homework ONLY Put all answers on the front right side of your quizgoing down the page. When you are done bring your quiz sheet and your answer sheet to me. Begin reading 3. 3 -3. 5 for homework. Do not forget to study THE EAST for your map quiz! Its on WEDNESDAY!!! Wednesday is the day after tomorrow!!