INDUSTRIALIZATION The Industrial Revolution The Impact of Industrialization

INDUSTRIALIZATION (The Industrial Revolution)

The Impact of Industrialization Economic Effects: Change in how things are made and distributed. Social Effects: Changes in how people lived and organized themselves. Political Effects: Changes in what people expected from their governments.

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION REFERS TO A REVOLUTION IN THE WAY WE MAKE THINGS BEFORE • GOODS WERE MADE AT HOME BY HAND AFTER • GOODS WERE MADE IN FACTORIES USING MACHINES

• FROM GREAT BRITAIN THE INVENTIONS AND METHODS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION SPREAD… • THE AMERICAN COLONIES AND WESTERN EUROPE SOON WERE FOLLOWING BRITAIN’S MODEL BRITAIN BRITISH COLONIES IN N. AMERICA EUROPE

TEXTILES BECAME CHEAPER AS THEY WERE MASS PRODUCED BY MACHINES USING STEAM POWER • AS DEMAND FOR CHEAP TEXTILES GREW, MORE FACTORIES WERE BUILT • SOON, AN EVEN GREATER NUMBER OF WORKERS WERE NEEDED TO KEEP PACE WITH DEMANDS

Changing Nature of Work • Under the factory system, people begin working in factories • Skilled labor is replaced by performance of simple, repetitive tasks – Machines replace human labor • Factories> Mass Production- vast amounts of identical goods made – Heavy industry – Corporations

Changes In Working Conditions * Factory owners grow rich & powerful • Work conditions worsen • Noisy& unsafe • Long hours & low wages • Women & children as source of cheap labor

Agricultural Revolution New scientific methods & machinery lead to revolution in farming • Less workers needed to produce food • Bigger farms; new regions farmed • Unemployed move to the cities • Grow more food to feed increasing city populations

What new technological innovations arise?

Urbanization * The flow of people from country to cities Effects overcrowding Inadequate services Crowded, run-down living conditions - tenements, crime

Immigration *Population growth in Europe leads to migration to United States *Irish potato famine (1846 -47) forces many Irish to flee to America to escape starvation *Germans, Eastern & Southern Europeans will follow *Growing diversity

Immigrants will find jobs in factories, mines, mills, RR’s, etc.

Great Migration • Large migration of African-Americans from the South to the North • Largest internal migration in US history • Motivation: – Greater economic opportunity – Greater personal freedom • Cultural impact

Rise of Labor Unions As a result of poor working conditions, low wages & long working hours, factory workers begin to unite. The rise of Labor Unions will play a key role in Changing the lives of working class families. - AFL, IWW, UMW *Initially, governments oppose labor unions - Haymarket Riot, Homestead Strike *Later, they will receive support

The Impact of Industrialization- Review Discuss Economic Effects: Change in how things are made and distributed. Social Effects: Changes in how people lived and organized themselves. Political Effects: Changes in what people expected from their governments.

Review- How did population growth affect industrial cities in England? A. Population growth created more jobs. B. Population growth resulted in more schools. C. Population growth led to overcrowded, unsanitary conditions. D. Population growth encouraged migration to rural areas.

Review- What conditions led workers to form unions? A. B. C. D. Violence in the workplace. Women in the workplace. Lack of skilled jobs in factories. Long hours and low wages in industry.