INDUSTRIAL TRAINING BHOPAL MADHYA PRADESH UNDER THE GUIDANCE

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING BHOPAL (MADHYA PRADESH) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: ER. H. K. PATIL SENIOR MANAGER, UNIVERSITY, GWALIOR(M. P. ) COMMIUNICATION DIVISION, BHEL, BHOPAL(M. P. ) SUBMITTED BY: MR. AMLAN BASU ITM ROLL NO. : BETI 1 EC 11009 BRANCH: ECE (INTEGRATED) TOKEN NO. : VT-460/14

ABSTRACT • • 4 weeks training From 29 th May, 2014 to 25 th June 2016 Communication Division Motive: Telephone exchange, Fault checking, Functions of department

ABOUT BHEL • • Founded in 1964 7 th largest power equipment manufacturer in the world Owned and founded by the Government of India Is a Public sector of India undertaking B. Prasad Rao (Chairman & MD) Revenue: ₹ 50, 156 Crores (USD 9. 23 billion) (2012 -13) Employees: 48, 399 (March 2013) Products Manufactured: Gas and Steam Turbines, Boilers, Generators, Heat Exchangers, Pumps, Switchgears, Sensors, Automation and Control Systems, Power electronics, Transmission systems, Transformers.

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE Telecommunications system Used in public switched telephone networks Consists of different electronic equipments Main part is exchange (older system: PBX[private branch exchange, modern system: EPABX [electronic private automatic branch exchange]) • Has 3 parts. • •

TELEPHONE EXCHNGE EPABX (ELECTRONIC PRIVATE AUTOMATIC BRANCH EXCHANGE) MDF (MAIN DISTRIBUTION FRAME) POWER SUPPLY (48 V DC)

M. D. F (Main Distribution Frame) • Signal distribution frame (connecting equipments to cables and subscriber carrier equipment) • Flexibility in assigning facilities (at lower cost & higher capacity)

EPABX EXCHANGE MDF FIELD MDF TO DIFFERENT SUBCRIBERS

EPABX (Electronic private automatic branch exchange) • Exchange • Connect to the external or internal communication lines. • Also called auto numbers or land line numbers. • 3000 numbers • IRIS IVDX coral (provided by coral telecomm. that has 4000 ports)

CORAL IRIS IVDX • 4000 Ports divided into 8 frames and each frame with 512 ports. • Each port has a card • Cards: MCC, PRI, FLC, DCC, FTC, PBC, RPBC.

MCC (MAIN CONTROLLER CARD) • The first card of the frame • Has a switching part and another DSP part (ring back tone) • MCC 8 / MCC 16 / MCC 32 • Dialling type: DTMF & FSK

PRI (Primary rate interface) • Interface between the different channels or DSP or Ring back tonnes. • 30 channels per PRI (ex. 9 PRIs: 270 channels) • Pair of 2 (incoming and outgoing) • DID (direct incoming dialling) & DOD (direct outgoing dialling) : Incoming junction (via operator)

• FLC (feature line card) 16/32: The card controls all the analog numbers. Connects the exchange to exchange MDF. • DCC (digital control card): The card controls all the digital numbers. • FTC (feature trunk card) & FCT (feature cellular trunk): Responsible for the calls made to the cellular devices/mobile which are connected to the high gain antennas. • The other cards PBC (peripheral bridge cards) & RPBC (Rack peripheral bridge cards)

TELEPHONE • Telecommunication device that enables 2 or more users to communicate • Invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 • Earlier had rotary dial but now has DTMF push button • 2 types: Analog telephone & Digital telephone

• Frequency it works on is 30 Hz – 3. 5 KHz and voltage rating of 40 V – 48 V • 2 g : 900 MHz - 1800 MHz • 3 g : 1800 MHz – 2100 MHz

FAULTS • • • Noise or disturbance Temporary out of order Interference Line busy False calling Ring Problem

FAULT DETECTION • Various ways of fault detection • The most important is cable fault detection using MEGGER

TRANSMISSION MEDIA • Optical fibre (of 6 pair used earlier, now combination of 20 is used) • Earlier: Insulation coating of paper Now: Insulation coating of PVC

PAIR COMBINATION OF TRANSMISSION CABLE 1 -5 Blue-white Orange-white Green-white Brown-white Slate- white 5 -10 Blue-red Orange-red Green-red Brown-red Slate-red 10 -15 Blue-black Orange-black Green-black Brown-black Slate - black 15 -20 Blue-blue Orange-blue Green-blue Brown-blue Slate-blue

POSTAL SECTION (DAAK) • • Receiving and sending Both official and residential Update records in file and online Special rechargeable machine for postal stamps

UPDATION AND BILLING SECTION Call records Updating the opening and closing of numbers Co-ordination with finance department Co-ordination with BSNL for the record of calls going out of BHEL premises • Updating (file) of MDF chrome section manually on daily basis • Updating numbers in use and not in use. • •

CONCLUSION • The communication was made possible by the equipments and the details of the same were also done. • Learnt about the proper functioning of communication division of BHEL, Bhopal (M. P. )