Industrial Systems BUS 2000 Busbar Differential Protection System
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 Busbar Differential Protection System Differential overcurrent system with percentage restraint protection 1
Industrial Systems Typical Busbar Arrangements – Single Busbar – Double Busbar with Coupler – Breaker and a Half – Double Breaker – Double Busbar with Transfer Bar – Segregated Busbars with Coupler 2
Industrial Systems Typical Single Busbar Arrangement 3
Industrial Systems Typical Double Busbar with Coupler Arrangement 4
Industrial Systems Typical Breaker and a Half Arrangement 5
Industrial Systems Typical Double Breaker Busbar Arrangement 6
Industrial Systems Typical Double Busbar with Transfer Bar 7
Industrial Systems Typical Segregated Busbar with Coupler 8
Industrial Systems Types of Protection Schemes – Low Impedance – High Impedance • Medium Values • High Values 9
Industrial Systems Low Impedance Protection 10
Industrial Systems Saturation of the Auxiliary CTs • • A. Primary Fault Current B. Secondary Current from the Source CTs C. Secondary Current in the Faulty CT D. Differential Current 11
Industrial Systems Low Impedance Protection Current Detection + Second Criteria – Time-delayed Overcurrent Relays – Directional Overcurrent Relays – Restraint Overcurrent relays – CT Saturation Detectors 12
Industrial Systems High Impedance Protection Scheme 13
Industrial Systems High Impedance Protection • • • VR = IF x (2 RL + RS) VOP > VR Stability Criteria VS > VOP Operation Criteria TI 3 Totally Saturated RS CT Secondary Winding R Value WHERE: RL= CONNECTION WIRES RESISTANCE IF = SECONDARY RMS CURRENT VALUE IN TI 3 VR = DIFFERENTIAL RELAY VOLTAGE VS = CT MINIMUM SATURATION VOLTAGE VOP = OPERATION VOLTAGE 14
Industrial Systems Differential Overcurrent Relay with Percentage Restraint & Stabilizing Resistor 15
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -External Fault 16
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Internal Fault 17
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 - Differential Unit Block Diagram 18
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Sensitivity Algorithm (1) 19
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Sensitivity Algorithm (2) 20
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Sensitivity Algorithm (3) 21
Industrial Systems External Fault with CT Saturation 22
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Stability Algorithm 23
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Stability Limit 24
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Operation Characteristic 25
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Auxiliary CT. Magnetizing Curve of the Secondary Side 26
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Alarm Unit Block Diagram 27
Industrial Systems Breaker Failure Block Diagram 28
Industrial Systems Numerical Monitoring Module – Differential and Restraint Currents Metering Information – Full Human-Machine Interface (Keypad + Graphic Display) – IRIG-B Time Synchronization – Alarm Treatment – Differential Protection Outputs Status 29
Industrial Systems Numerical Monitoring Module (cont) – Oscillography Waveform Capture – Event Record – RS 232 or fiber optics Communications – Configurable I/O – Undervoltage Supervision 30
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Single Busbar (6 feeders) Differential Protection 31
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Overcurrent and Breaker Failure (5 feeders) Protection 32
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Test Rack 33
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Numerical Monitoring Module 34
Industrial Systems External Connections Diagram of Single Busbar BUS 2000 System 35
Industrial Systems BUS 2000 -Settings – K for Sensitivity – K and RE as low as possible – RE for CT requirements for Overvoltage Conditions 36
Industrial Systems Key Advantages – Flexibility – Independent setttings for K and RE done in the field without any additional changes – Wide Setting Range – Suitable for all kinds of installations – Measurement Units Supervision – Current Circuits Supervision 37
Industrial Systems Key Advantages (cont’d) – – – Single-Three Phase Breaker Failure Test Rack Independent from the protection Easy Commisioning (accesible terminal blocks) Suitable for updating of old Substations Operating Principles well proven in the field Numerical Monitoring Module 38
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