Industrial Revolution Circa 1700 1850 Stages Developments Population

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Industrial Revolution Circa. 1700 – 1850

Industrial Revolution Circa. 1700 – 1850

Stages & Developments • • Population Explosion Urbanisation Agricultural Innovation Labour Supply & Raw

Stages & Developments • • Population Explosion Urbanisation Agricultural Innovation Labour Supply & Raw Materials Industrialisation & Mass Production Transportation Innovation Social Factors: Living & Working Conditions

Causation: Population Explosion – Industrialisation & Market Expansion Mass Production Transportation Innovation Market Expansion

Causation: Population Explosion – Industrialisation & Market Expansion Mass Production Transportation Innovation Market Expansion Population Explosion Available Raw Materials Surplus Labour Supply Food Shortage Agricultural Innovation Urbanisation

Population Explosion 1700 1850

Population Explosion 1700 1850

Urbanisation 1700 - 1850

Urbanisation 1700 - 1850

Urbanisation & Population Shift

Urbanisation & Population Shift

Agricultural Innovation

Agricultural Innovation

Agricultural Revolution & Innovation: Subsistence – Profit Old Medieval Field System: Fallow Fields &

Agricultural Revolution & Innovation: Subsistence – Profit Old Medieval Field System: Fallow Fields & Strip. Farming

4 -Field System & Selective Breeding

4 -Field System & Selective Breeding

Factory System: Mass Production

Factory System: Mass Production

Factory System: Evolution of Domestic System (Profit)

Factory System: Evolution of Domestic System (Profit)

Living & Working Conditions

Living & Working Conditions

The New Working Class • Originally most of the new ‘working-class’ came from agricultural

The New Working Class • Originally most of the new ‘working-class’ came from agricultural backgrounds (serfdom, cottiers & agricultural labourers) • This new class of working people lived in over-crowded tenement buildings in urban centres • Women & children all worked in the new Industrial Revolution: maximising profit for owners • Children were easily disciplined & could perform functions that adults could not • Children had no protection under law • Close relationship between education & work of children: uniforms, time-keeping, discipline, authority etc.

Transportation Innovation

Transportation Innovation

Innovation & Industrialisation Textiles Originated in the Domestic System, new innovations led to the

Innovation & Industrialisation Textiles Originated in the Domestic System, new innovations led to the invention of Richard Arkwright’s ‘Spinning Frame’. Later innovations included James Hargreaves’ ‘Spinning Jenny’ & Samuel Crompton’s ‘Spinning Mule’. These inventions led to a massive increase in the production of textiles based on Mass Production in the Factory System Steam Power Iron Production