Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 5 in One

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Warm Up(Add to Notes) 1. Write a conditional from the sentence “An isosceles triangle has two congruent sides. ” If a ∆ is isosc. , then it has 2 sides. 2. Write the contrapositive of the conditional “If it is Tuesday, then John has a piano lesson. ” If John does not have a piano lesson, then it is not Tuesday. 3. Show that the conjecture “If x > 6, then 2 x > 14” is false by finding a counterexample. x=7 Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle 5 -5 Holt Geometry Indirect Proof and Inequalities in One Triangle

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle In an indirect proof, you assume that the conclusion is false. Then you show that this assumption leads to a contradiction. This type of proof is also called a proof by contradiction. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Check It Out! Example 1 Write an indirect proof that a triangle cannot have two right angles. Step 1 Identify the conjecture to be proven. Given: A triangle’s interior angles add up to 180°. Prove: A triangle cannot have two right angles. Step 2 Assume the opposite of the conclusion. An angle has two right angles. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Check It Out! Example 1 Continued Step 3 Use direct reasoning to lead to a contradiction. m 1 + m 2 + m 3 = 180° 90° + m 3 = 180° m 3 = 0° However, by the Protractor Postulate, a triangle cannot have an angle with a measure of 0°. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Check It Out! Example 1 Continued Step 4 Conclude that the original conjecture is true. The assumption that a triangle can have two right angles is false. Therefore a triangle cannot have two right angles. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Write the angles in order from smallest to largest. The shortest side is smallest angle is F. The longest side is , so the largest angle is G. The angles from smallest to largest are F, H and G. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Check It Out! Example 2 b Write the sides in order from shortest to longest. m E = 180° – (90° + 22°) = 68° The smallest angle is D, so the shortest side is The largest angle is F, so the longest side is The sides from shortest to longest are Holt Geometry . .

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Example 3 A: Applying the Triangle Inequality Theorem Tell whether a triangle can have sides with the given lengths. Explain. 7, 10, 19 No—by the Triangle Inequality Theorem, a triangle cannot have these side lengths. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Example 4: Finding Side Lengths The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 8 inches and 13 inches. Find the range of possible lengths for the third side. Let x represent the length of the third side. Then apply the Triangle Inequality Theorem. x + 8 > 13 x>5 x + 13 > 8 x > – 5 8 + 13 > x 21 > x Combine the inequalities. So 5 < x < 21. The length of the third side is greater than 5 inches and less than 21 inches. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Example 5: Travel Application The figure shows the approximate distances between cities in California. What is the range of distances from San Francisco to Oakland? Let x be the distance from San Francisco to Oakland. x + 46 > 51 x + 51 > 46 46 + 51 > x Δ Inequal. Thm. x>5 x > – 5 97 > x Subtr. Prop. of Inequal. 5 < x < 97 Combine the inequalities. The distance from San Francisco to Oakland is greater than 5 miles and less than 97 miles. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Lesson Quiz: Part I 1. Write the angles in order from smallest to largest. C, B, A 2. Write the sides in order from shortest to longest. Holt Geometry

Indirect Proof and Inequalities 5 -5 in One Triangle Lesson Quiz: Part II 3. The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 17 cm and 12 cm. Find the range of possible lengths for the third side. 5 cm < x < 29 cm 4. Tell whether a triangle can have sides with lengths 2. 7, 3. 5, and 9. 8. Explain. No; 2. 7 + 3. 5 is not greater than 9. 8. 5. Ray wants to place a chair so it is 10 ft from his television set. Can the other two distances shown be 8 ft and 6 ft? Explain. Yes; the sum of any two lengths is greater than the third length. Holt Geometry