Indian Land Cessions Major 18 th century events

Indian Land Cessions

Major 18 th century events • 1763 (Treaty of Paris – end of French & Indian War) • Proclamation Line • Colonists forbidden to cross Appalachians • Segregates Indians from colonists • 1783 (Treaty of Paris – end of American Revolution) • Opposing tribes massacred • Opens up trans-Appalachia to white settlement • Northwest Ordinance (1787)

1763

1783

Major 19 th Century events • Indian Removal Act (1830) • Created Indian Territory (Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska) • Civil War (1861 -65) • Tied up US Army • Afterwards, troops sent to the West • Allotment Act (1887) • Divided up reservations

Other 19 th Century events • Mexican-American War (1846 -48) • California Gold Rush (1849) • Homestead Act (1862) • Railroad Enabling Act (1866) • Oklahoma Land Rush (1889) – ”Sooners”

Trail of Tears • Initiated under Andrew Jackson • Continuation of policy of separation • Efforts to move out 5 tribes • • • Choctaw (1831) Seminole (1832) Creek (1834) Chickasaw (1837) Cherokee (1838)

Trail of Tears

Indian Territory • Established 1830 • Indian Removal Act • Borders: Red River to Missouri River

Indian Territory – 1830 -54

Indian Territory – 1854 -1889 • Area reduced: • Kansas & Nebraska Act (1854) • Homestead Act (1862) opens up land to settlement • Allotment Act (1887) • Railroads bought land from Indians • Involvement in Civil War -> land loss as penalty • Land run in Oklahoma (1889)

Indian Territory - 1876

Oklahoma