India Geography Early Civilization 4 1 Geography n

India Geography & Early Civilization 4 -1

Geography n Main river = Indus n n Secondary river = Ganges Two main climate features n High temperatures n Seasonal Monsoons (Winds) Northeast – November through March dry season n Southwest – June through October rainy season n

Geography n Ancient India was protected mainly by mountains n Hindu Kush n n North Western Himalayan n Largest mountains in the world. Indian plate collides with Asian plate. n North West

Geography n The Khyber Pass in the Hindu Kush mountains allowed people to migrate into India. Most of which were looking for… n Good farm land! n The pass also allowed people to invade!

Early Civilization n n The Dravidians were the first people to inhabit India The Harappa Civilization (2, 500 – 1, 500 B. C. ) n n n First Indian civilization. Lived around the area of the Indus River. Named after their main city, Harappa. Most people were farmers n Farmed cotton, wheat, barley and rice. n Some were also herders Artisans n Pottery, bronze, gold and tradesmen.

Early Civilization n n The Harappan civilization advanced rapidly. Cities were advanced with large homes, water systems, waste systems, garbage chutes and public bathes. Built store houses for grain, which could hold enough to feed 35, 000 people. n n Shows the strength of central government and planning. Each city had a citadel n Strong central fortress of a city