Independent Clause Subject and a verb Expresses a

Independent Clause • Subject and a verb • Expresses a complete thought • It is a complete sentence Jim studied in the cafeteria.

Dependent Clause • Subject and verb • Does not express a complete thought • Ex- When Jim studied in the cafeteria. • Often contains a “dependent marker” Ex- After, Although, As if, Because, Before, Even if, Even though, If, In order to, Since, Though, Unless, Until, Whatever, Whenever, Whether and While

Coordinating conjunctions • • , for , and , nor , but , or , yet , so Ex-Jim studied in the cafeteria, but it was to concentrate because of the noise.

Independent Word Marker • Connecting word at the beginning of an independent clause • Needs a semi-colon to work • Ex- Also, Consequently, Furthermore, However, Moreover, Nevertheless, Therefore • Ex- Jim studied in the cafeteria; however, it was hard to concentrate because of the noise.

Comma Splice • Use a comma to connect to independent clauses • Make two sentence • Turn the comma to a semi-colon • Or insert a dependent marker (with a semicolon)

Run On Sentences • Join the two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction • More than one conjunction and it is a run on • Use a semi-colon (both sides must be a dependent clause- add a dependent marker)