In previous years you learned about European exploration
In previous years you learned about European exploration and colonization.
Why did the Europeans explore and colonize? Gold God Glory
Today we are going to examine how European colonization affected the continent of Africa.
How did European partitioning affect Africa? SS 7 H 1 a. Explain how the European partitioning across Africa contributed to conflict, civil war, and artificial political boundaries.
What does the word Partitioning mean? Divide or Separate
Analyzing Political Cartoons & Primary Sources O Ever heard the expression, “A picture is worth a thousand words? ” O Well, we will be learning about the history of Africa through cartoons and sources O The artists of these drawings are trying to convey a message O Will you be able to uncover what the artists are telling us?
With an elbow partner discuss the meaning of this image.
The picture illustrates the European “Scramble for Africa”. Why was it called a scramble?
The Berlin Conference
Actual Divisions made by European countries
What were the problems of the European partitioning of Africa?
European Partitioning of Africa: Why and How? O European countries recognized the vast wealth of natural resources in Africa and began to “scramble” to colonize valuable areas O In 1884, fourteen European countries met to establish rules for trade and territorial claims in Africa. No Africans were present.
European Partitioning of Africa: Why and How? OEuropeans divided Africa with the desire to profit from Africa’s riches, not for the benefit of any Africans. OArtificial political boundaries were drawn with no respect for Africa’s internal boundaries or societies.
What is meant by artificial political boundary? European countries just made up the borders of each country.
Who partitioned Africa? Germany, Portugal, Belgium, Italy, Great Britain, France, Spanish partitioned Africa. Liberia and Ethiopia were independent
What did Europeans not take into consideration when drawing new boundaries in Africa? O Africans already had their own political and cultural boundaries. However, now those were lost and would lead to conflicts.
Impact of European Partitioning
Impact of European Partitioning O European division of Africa caused conflict and destroyed many African traditions. O Many Europeans treated the Africans cruelly and tried to impose their way of life on them without considering African customs and beliefs.
Once African countries gained independence, they had a hard time establishing stable governments and keeping the boundaries set by Europe. New African governments did not have experience governing or solving conflicts so force became a way to solve problems.
Example of the Impact of European Partitioning The Tutsi and Hutu had lived as neighbors before Belgian colonization, but artificial boundaries merged them in to the country of Rwanda. Once Rwanda gained its independence, civil war broke out between the Tutsi and Hutu. The Hutu army killed between 500, 000 to 1, 000 Tutsi.
Example of the Impact of European Partitioning Belgium treated the people in the Congo violently and the people gained their independence in 1960 to form the Republic of the Congo. The new leaders did not have experience in government and conflict started which continues today among some groups.
Example of the Impact of European Partitioning Conflict over diamonds have caused brutal wars in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.
Impact of European Partitioning Europeans did help Africans by creating new roads, railroads, new crops, farming techniques and medicine.
Impact of European Partitioning Africans resisted European rule by not adopting European culture and went to war.
Summarizer: So what was the impact of European partitioning in Africa?
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