Improving Environmental Performance In The Jamaican Coffee Industry

Improving Environmental Performance In The Jamaican Coffee Industry • • Timon Waugh Research & Environmental Department, Coffee Industry Board (Regulatory Division) Kingston, Jamaica • February 2006 • Email: twaugh@ciboj. org 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 1

Introduction • Coffee plant – perennial evergreen dicotyledon indigenous to Ethiopia • Introduced to Jamaica in 1728 • Present production is approximately 600, 000 boxes cherry coffee/ 3 M kg green beans 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 2

Introduction (cont’d) • Employs over 50, 000 persons directly with over 250, 000 dependents • Second most important agricultural crop • Jamaica’s coffee is the world’s best • Jamaica produces less than 0. 05% of the world total 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 3

Map of Producing Areas 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 4

Coffee plant 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 5

Coffee Impact on The Environment Sector Impact Nursery Chemicals, Packaging Farm Soil erosion, Chemicals, Deforestation, Processing Waste Generation & Disposal 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 6

Coffee berries 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 7

Nursery • Four Registered Nurseries • Disposal of Poly-bags major impact • Introduce Biodegradable potting bags 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 8

Coffee seedlings in a Nursery 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 9

Farm • Chemicals – Pesticides & Fertilizers • IPM Approach to Pest Control • Promote Organic Fertilizer & Better Application Technique 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 10

Coffee Farm Utilizing Shade Trees 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 11

NUTRIENT RECYCLING 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 12

Fertilizers • 80% of Pulp Recycled as Compost • Sub-surface Application • Soil & Leaf Analysis • Leguminous Shade 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 13

Integrated Pest Management • • • Field Sanitation Physical Control – Traps Biological Control (Cephalonomia stephanoderis) Chemical Control as last resort Over 60% Reduction in Endosulfan 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 14

Brocap traps – an example of physical control 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 15

Environmental Codes of Practice 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 16

DRIVERS • • • Public pressure International Convention/Agreement CIB’S corporate responsibility Non-Tariff Trade Barriers Environmental regulation e. g. NEPA, PCA • Greater environmental awareness • Environmental Action Programme (ENACT) 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 17

Best Practices • Resources Conservation – ‘Ecoefficiency” • Pollution Prevention (Not Clean Up!) • Disaster mitigation Planning • Environmental reporting 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 18

ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO NOT: • Use fire to clear land • Remove plant cover from gullies and river banks near your plot • Clog up gullies with farm rubbish • Plant coffee close to rivers • Plant coffee on steep slopes (350 or more) • Build roads and trails close to rivers or gully banks 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 19

ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO NOT: • build roads and trails during the rainy season • Use banned chemicals • Use more chemical than recommended dump • Dump chemicals and chemical containers in rivers or gullies • Wash spray equipment and protective clothing in rivers 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 20

ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO : • Leave at least 30 trees on each acre • Keep plant cover along roads, gullies and river banks • Conserve soil by using contour barriers, check dams • Slope farm roads with the contour of the land • Maintain farm roads and keep drains clear 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 21

ENVIRONMENTAL DO’S & DON’TS DO : • Use only approved chemicals in amounts recommended • Spray early morning or late afternoon when wind is low • Puncture empty chemical containers and bury them in holes at least 18 inches deep • Always wear protective clothing when spraying and store unused chemicals safely 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 22

“PROTECT YOUR ENVIRONMENT… SECURE YOUR INVESTMENT. ” 2/28/2021 Coffee Industry Board 23