Important Insect Plant Pests and their Hosts in

Important Insect Plant Pests and their Hosts in Florida (Fruit Crops) Kirk W. Martin CBSP USDA-National Needs Fellow Graduate Student-University of Florida Plant Medicine Program and IPM Apprentice-IPM Florida Denise D. Thomas D. P. M. University of Florida Plant Medicine Program and IPM Florida

Adult Larva Egg 12 mm (Pupa) 0. 9 mm x 0. 6 mm White-fringed Beetle - Naupactus (=Graphognathus) spp. Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Adult Larva Egg 17 -21 mm Three instars 2. 4 mm x 1. 5 mm White Grubs - Phyllophaga spp. Vegetable, Fruit, Turf, Tree, Ornamental & Field Crop Pest

Adult Larva 8 -14 mm Southern Blue-Green Citrus Root Weevil - Pachnaeus litus Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva 8. 4 -14 mm Northern Blue-Green Citrus Root Weevil - Pachnaeus opalus Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva 5. 1 -6. 4 mm Little Leaf Notcher (Citrus Root Weevil) - Artipus floridanus Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 9 -15 mm 6 -18 instars Up to 20 mm 1. 2 mm x 0. 4 mm Diaprepes Root Weevil - Diaprepes abbreviatus Fruit, Ornamental, Field Crop & Vegetable Pest

Male Female Adult Larva 5 -8 mm (Female) 5 -6 mm (Male) 8 -10 mm Caribbean Fruit Fly - Anastrepha suspensa Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 11 -15 mm Five instars Up to 10 mm 1. 4 mm x 1. 2 mm Brown Stink Bug - Euschistus servus Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Adult Larva Egg 13 -17 mm Five instars Up to 10 mm 1. 3 mm x 0. 9 mm Southern Green Stink Bug - Nezara viridula Ornamental, Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest

Adult Larva Egg 1 mm Four instars Up to 1 mm 0. 2 mm Silverleaf Whitefly - Bemisia argentifolii or Bemisia tabaci Field Crop, Ornamental & Vegetable Pest

Adult < 4. 3 mm (Wingspan) Citrus Whitefly - Dialeurodes citri Fruit Pest Larva Egg 0. 25 mm

Adult Larva Egg 1 mm Up to 1 mm 0. 3 mm Cloudywinged Whitefly - Singhiella citrifolii Fruit Pest

FDACS/DPI Adult Larva 1 -2 mm Up to 1 mm Citrus Blackfly - Aleurocanthus woglumi Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 2 mm Five instars 0. 6 mm x. 3 mm Green Peach Aphid - Myzus persicae Ornamental, Field Crop, Vegetable & Fruit Pest

Adult Larva Egg 1 -2 mm Up to 1 mm None Melon Aphid - Aphis gossypii Ornamental, Field Crop, Vegetable & Fruit Pest

Adult Larva Egg 3 mm Up to 3 mm None Brown Citrus Aphid - Toxoptera citricida Ornamental & Fruit Pest

Adult Larva About 3 mm Females wingless Male winged Three instars Papaya Mealybug - Paracoccus marginatus Fruit & Ornamental Pest Egg

Adult Larva 3 mm (Body) Longtailed Mealybug - Pseudococcus longispinus Fruit, Ornamental & Tree Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 3 -4 mm Five instars Up to 2 mm 0. 3 mm Asiatic Citrus Psyllid - Diaphorina citri Fruit Pest

Adult Up to 2 mm (Female) Citrus Snow Scale - Unaspis citri Fruit Pest Larva Egg

Adult Larva 2 -3 mm (Female) <1 mm (Male) White Peach Scale - Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Fruit, Ornamental & Tree Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 2 -5 mm 1 mm (Crawler) 0. 7 mm Hemispherical Scale - Saissetia coffeae Ornamental & Fruit Pest

Adult Up to 3 mm Pyriform Scale - Protopulvinaria pyriformis Ornamental & Fruit Pest Larva Egg

Adult 5 mm Cottony Cushion Scale - Icerya purchasi Fruit Pest Larva Egg

Adult 2 -3 cm Leaf-footed Bug - Leptoglossus phyllopus Ornamental, Field Crop, Fruit & Vegetable Pest Larva Egg

Adult Larva 2 cm Glassy-winged Sharpshooter - Homalodisca coagulata Fruit & Ornamental Pest Egg

Adult Larva 2 mm (Resting) 4 mm (Wingspan) Up to 3 mm Citrus Leafminer - Phyllocnistis citrella Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 32 -45 mm (Wingspan) Six instars Up to 25 mm 0. 5 - 0. 6 mm Corn Earworm - Helicoverpa zea Field Crop, Fruit & Ornamental Pest

Adult Larva 1. 9 cm (Female length) 1. 5 cm (Male length) 38 mm Grape Root Borer - Vitacea polistiformis Fruit Pest Egg

Adult Larva Egg 39 -42 mm (Male) 48 -55 mm (Female) Six instars Up to 45 mm 7. 0 -8. 0 mm American Grasshopper - Schistocerca americana Fruit, Tree & Ornamental

Adult Larva 6 -8 cm Eastern Lubber Grasshopper - Romalea microptera (formerly R. guttata) Fruit, Tree & Ornamental Egg

Adult 1 mm Florida Flower Thrips - Frankliniella bispinosa Fruit, Vegetable & Field Crop Pest Larva Egg

Adult minute Two-spotted Spider Mite - Tetranychus urticae Ornamental, Vegetable, Field Crop & Fruit Pest Larva Egg

Adult minute Citrus Rust Mite - Phyllocoptruta oleivora Fruit Pest Larva Egg

Many thanks to those that contributed to this project Photographs by: – Lyle Buss, UF Entomology and Nematology – Dr. Paul Choate, UF Entomology and Nematology – Dr. John Capinera, Chair, UF Entomology and Nematology – Dr. Norman Leppla, Director IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology – Dr. Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University - Dept. , Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management , Bugwood. org – John Folz, , Emeritus Faculty, UF Entomology and Nematology Photographs by: –Dr. Russ Ottens, University of Georgia, Bugwood. org –Tracy Conklin, UF Entomology and Nematology –Larry Williams, Okaloosa County Extension –Natasha Wright, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Bugwood. org –Dr. James Castner, UF Entomology and Nematology –Dr. Wayne Dixon, Florida Division of Plant Industry –USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Southern Region

Many thanks to those that contributed to this project Contributors: – – Dr. Norman Leppla, Director-IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology Dr. Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman, Associate Director IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology – – – Lyle Buss, UF Entomology and Nematology Joyce Merritt, Publications Specialist, IPM Florida and Plant Medicine Program Kevyn Juneau, Research Assistant IPM Florida, UF Entomology and Nematology

References • • • Capinera, J. L. , 2001 Handbook of Vegetable Pests. Academic Press: San Diego Hodges, A. , Hodges, G. , Buss, L. , Osborne, L. , 2005 Mealybugs& Mealybug Look-Alikes of the Southeastern United States Stehr, F. W. 1987. Immature Insects. Volumes I and II. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company C. Malcolm Beck and John Howard Garrett, 2005 Texas Bug Book The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, Revised Edition. University of Texas Press: Austin, TX. Short, D. E. , Simone, G. W. , Dunn, R. A. (Eds. ), 2001 Commercial Ornamental Nursery Scouting Manual. Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida: Gainesville, FL.