Implementing the Split Cylinder Resonator Method for Measuring
![References [1] M. D. Janezic, ‘‘Nondestructive Relative Permittivity and Loss Tangent Measurements using a](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/5ccfd5f393da9df4e60a2652c91fee6a/image-50.jpg "References [1] M. D. Janezic, ‘‘Nondestructive Relative Permittivity and Loss Tangent Measurements using a")
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Implementing the Split Cylinder Resonator Method for Measuring Complex Permittivity of Low Loss Materials Shelley Blasdel Begley Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Outline • Definition of Permittivity • Overview of the Split Cylinder Method • A Walk Through the Process Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Definition of Permittivity describes the interaction of a material in the presence of an electric field. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Definition of Permittivity describes the interaction of a material in the presence of an electric field. storage Measure of how much energy from an external electric field is stored in the material. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Definition of Permittivity describes the interaction of a material in the presence of an electric field. storage Measure of how much energy from an external electric field is stored in the material. aka Dielectric Constant Dk Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Definition of Permittivity describes the interaction of a material in the presence of an electric field. storage Measure of how much energy from an external electric field is stored in the material. aka loss Measure of how much energy from the electric field is lost. Dielectric Constant Dk Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Definition of Permittivity describes the interaction of a material in the presence of an electric field. storage Measure of how much energy from an external electric field is stored in the material. aka loss Measure of how much energy from the electric field is lost. Dielectric Constant Dk Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Loss Tangent Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Loss Tangent Dissipation Factor Quality Factor Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Loss Tangent Dissipation Factor Aka Quality Factor Tan Delta Df Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Sensitive Resonant method for measuring complex permittivity Useful for thin film and low loss sheet materials. Originally proposed by Gordon Kent, improved by NIST Boulder, CO. Adopted as IPC Standard TM-650 2. 5. 5. 13 Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Split Cylinder Resonator System PNA, PNA-L, PNAXNetwork Analyzer Optional Computer LAN Agilent 85071 E-300 Software runs on optional PC or Network Analyzer 85072 A 10 GHz Split Cylinder Resonator and sample Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Side View Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Side View Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Side View Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Side View Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Electric Field Orientation for TEmnp Modes Where m = 0 and p is odd. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method p=3 Electric Field Orientation for TEmnp Modes Where m = 0 and p is odd. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Field orientation can be significant if sample is anisotropic Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Overview of the Split Cylinder Method Measure Empty and Sample filled Resonator Qo Qs f fs fo Real part of permittivity is a function of Frequency shift Loss tangent is a function of decrease in Q factor Also needed: Sample thickness Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Qo Qs f fs fo Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Qo f fo Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Measure Empty Split Cylinder Resonator Agilent Software Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Measure Empty Split Cylinder Resonator S 21 of TE 011 Mode Resonator should be loosely coupled Adjust peak between 55 -65 d. B Agilent Software guide Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Frequency and Quality Factor determination Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Frequency and Quality Factor determination Scalar Techniques • 3 d. B Bandwidth f 0 3 d. B Δf • Weighted Least Squares (WLS) • Resonant Curve Area (RCA) S 21 Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Frequency and Quality Factor determination Vector Technique • Circle Fit fo S 21 Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Frequency and Quality Factor determination Method Comparison • • 3 d. B Bandwidth Weighted Least Squares (WLS) Resonant Curve Area (RCA) Circle Fit Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Measure Sample Thickness Sample is assumed to be a uniform known thickness Best results: 0. 1 to 3 mm thick, ideally ~1 mm Thickness uncertainty <0. 02 mm Minimize imperfections due to: Flatness Straightness Parallelism Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Sample thickness measurement Conforming samples such as thin films and PCBs • Samples will be straightened out by cylinders. • Recommend Agilent built in micrometer or mean of multiple thickness measurements. sample fixed cylinder half adjustable cylinder half coupling loop z coupling loop Rigid samples such as Ceramics • • Samples will not be straightened out by cylinders. Recommend mean of multiple thickness measurements. sample fixed cylinder half adjustable cylinder half coupling loop z coupling loop Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Qs f fs Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Measure Sample Filled Resonator Q Q s o f f s o = f Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Estimate Sample Filled Frequency NIST Software – Calc. Fo. Input. dat Number of TE 0 n Modes in Model Radius of Split-Cylinder Resonator (m) Length of Upper or Lower Split-Cylinder Resonator Section (m) Substrate Thickness (m) Initial Guess for Relative Permittivity of Substrate Three ways to come up with initial guess: • Theoretical or Design Value • Independent Measurement • Measure TE 111 mode Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Calculate Sample Filled Frequency TE 111 mode is the dominant mode when TE 111 h = the total length of the closed cavity, or in this case where the cylinders are equal length, 2 x the length of one cylinder. a = the radius of the cylinders. χ’mn = the mth root of Bessel function of nth order Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Calculate Sample Filled Frequency TE 111 mode Agilent Software Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Measure Sample Filled Frequency and Q Agilent Software Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Qo Qs f fs fo Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Calculate Permittivity Agilent Software Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Process Flow Qo Qs f fs fo Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Higher Order Modes TE 011 Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Double Peak in Search Span Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Double Peak in Search Span Agilent Software Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Interfering Modes Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Interfering Modes Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Split Cylinder Resonator Results Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Split Cylinder Resonator Results Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Conclusions • Split Cylinder Resonator is a sensitive method for measuring complex permittivity of low loss materials • It can be confusing if you don’t know what you are doing. • Agilent offers a turn key solution to make it fast and easy. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Thank You for listening More information at www. agilent. com/find/materials Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
References [1] M. D. Janezic, ‘‘Nondestructive Relative Permittivity and Loss Tangent Measurements using a Split-Cylinder Resonator, ’’Ph. D. Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2003. [2] IPC-TM-650 Test Methods Manual Relative Permittivity and Loss Tangent Using a Split-Cylinder Resonator” Number 2. 5. 5. 13 January, 2007. [3] R. N. Clarke (Ed. ), “A Guide to the Characterization of Dielectric Materials at RF and Microwave Frequencies, ” Published by The Institute of Measurement & Control (UK) & NPL, 2003 [4] P. G. Bartley, S. B. Begley “Quality Factor Determination of Resonant Structures” IMTC 2006 – Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Sorrento, Italy 24 -27 April 2006 [5] M. T. Ali, M. K. M. Salleh, Md. M. Md. Zan “” Air-Filled Circular Cross Sectional Cavity for Microwave Non-Destructive Testing Transactions on Engineering, Computing and Technology Volume 18 December 2006, pg 107 -112, ISSN 1305 -5313 [6] M. D. Janezic, J. Krupka “Split-Post and Split-Cylinder Resonator Techniques: A Comparison of Complex Permittivity Measurement of Dielectric Substrates”. CICMT 2008 pgs 156 -159. Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
Appendix Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
NIST Software Inputs Calc. Fo. Input. dat Number of TE 0 n Modes in Model Radius of Split-Cylinder Resonator (m) Length of Upper or Lower Split-Cylinder Resonator Section (m) Substrate Thickness (m) Initial Guess for Relative Permittivity of Substrate Split. CInput. dat Number of TE 0 n Modes in Model Radius of Split-Cylinder Resonator (m) Length of Upper or Lower Split-Cylinder Resonator Section (m) Substrate Thickness (m) Conductivity of Split-Cylinder Resonator (S/m) Resonant Frequency of TE 0 np Mode (Hz) Quality Factor of TE 01 np Mode Initial Guess for Relative Permittivity of Substrate Implementing Split Cylinder Resonator for Dielectric Measurement of Low Loss Materials September 24, 2008
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