Imperialism Imperialism vocabulary Imperialism Militarism Nationalism Manifest Destiny

Imperialism

Imperialism vocabulary Imperialism Militarism Nationalism Manifest Destiny Pearl Harbor Yellow journalism Open Door Policy Panama Canal U. S. S. Maine Rough Riders Spanish-American War Roosevelt Corollary Boxer Rebellion Anti-Imperialist

By the late 1800’s the United States had emerged as a leader in agriculture and industry. Now that our country stretched from ocean to ocean, many American leaders felt that the United States should start stretching to new lands. They looked for new resources and materials and new markets for American goods.

Cornell Notes – write all red facts Imperialism - A policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker nations.

Imperialism - A policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker nations. Example: European Control of Africa in 1914

Imperialism in the Pacific • Once Manifest Destiny was achieved, Americans began to look for more wealth overseas • By the late 1800 s, many American leaders wanted the U. S. to join the imperial powers of Europe. • U. S. pressured Hawaii to allow a U. S. base at Pearl Harbor, it was an important refueling station for ships bound for Asia • In 1893 American sugar planters in Hawaii, supported a U. S. naval gunboat they overthrew the Hawaiian Government.

Aloha Hawaii!! • The Hawaiian Islands had been inhabited since the eighth century. By the late 1800’s many Americans lived there. • In 1887 King Kalakaua tried to keep Americans from taking over his islands, but failed. • The many Americans who lived there forced the King to sign a new constitution that left the Hawaiian monarchy with no power.

Hawaii for the Hawaiians Again • Queen Liliuokalani was one of the most renown queens of Hawaii. She tried in 1893 to bring back the monarchy’s authority. • She vowed to make Hawaii a place ruled by the native people again. She failed and Hawaii was annexed as a state in 1898. • Queen Liliuokalani was the last queen of Hawaii and wrote the famous song Aloha Oe which means “Farewell to thee. ”

America Acquires Alaska • William Seward arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867 (officially annexed in 1884) • U. S. bought Alaska for $7. 2 million or two cents an acre! • Alaska was rich in timber, minerals, and oil

Cuba is an island in the Caribbean about 90 miles south of Florida Spain controlled Cuba for almost 400 years The U. S. had financial interests in Cuba and tried to buy it at one time Cubans rebelled against the Spanish to try to win their freedom in a series of wars

U. S. S. Maine The U. S. S. Maine was blown up in Havana, Cuba Feb. 15 th, 1898 266 men killed in explosion and America is outraged by “Yellow Journalism” calling for revenge Cause of the explosion can’t be proved – America blames Spain Congress and Pres. Mc. Kinley move to declare war against Spain

Spanish American War U. S. forces land in Cuba in June 1898 Teddy Roosevelt leads an allvolunteer group of soldiers called “Roughriders” in Cuba T. R. and Roughriders lead an assault on San Juan Hill- bloody fighting ensues U. S. forces with help from Cuban rebels win victory in war in less than 4 months

The Spanish American War Thousands of Americans volunteered to fight in the war against Spain. Our Army quickly grew from 30, 000 soldiers to more than 274, 000. Theodore Roosevelt was one of the war volunteers and he led a company of cowhands and college athletes who called themselves the Rough Riders.

Other Theaters in War American naval forces dominate the Spanish in the Philippines Spanish surrender to American Army forces at Manila Navy warships bomb Puerto Rico American Army storms island easily takes control Puerto Rico The Treaty of Paris ended the war on Dec. 10, 1889

Aftermath Terms of the peace treaty included the U. S. acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines for $20 million Cuba began the process of gaining its independence from Spain Tens of thousands of Cubans/Spanish dead; perhaps 250, 000 Filipinos die America now a world power – marks the end of Spain’s empire

Boxer Rebellion In the early 1900’s, China was seen as a country with vast potential for U. S. markets. At the same time, many countries in Europe were also trading with China.

What was the Rebellion? By 1900, many Chinese opposed the spread of Western influence in their country. A secret society, known as the Boxers, formed in revolt to drive out the “foreign devils. ” The Boxers killed missionaries (they opposed Christianity) and other foreigners.

The War In August 1900, troops from 8 nations (Britain, France, Germany, Japan, United States, etc. were sent to China to put down the Boxer rebellion. 230 foreigners and thousands of Chinese Christians and rebels were killed during the fighting.

The Aftermath After the defeat of the Boxers, U. S. Secretary of State John Hay took steps to prevent the Imperial powers from dividing up China. Hay’s “Open Door Notes” said that all participating powers would have equal access to China’s market.

U. S. Gains/Ideals The open door policy reflected three deeply held American beliefs: 1. Americans believed that the growth of the U. S. economy depended on exports/goods. 2. The U. S. had right to intervene (military) abroad to keep foreign markets open. 3. The fear that the closing of an area to American products, citizens, or ideas threatened U. S. survival.

IMPERIALISM • Economic Competition • Belief in Cultural Superiority • Military Competition

M. A. I. N. Causes of WWI • Militarism - building up armed forces, getting ready for war. • Alliances - agreements or promises to defend and help another country. • Imperialism – stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker nations (taking over trying to build an Empire). • Nationalism - having pride and loyalty in your country, trying to prove your nation is the best. • Empire - where a powerful country controls several less powerful countries.

Imperialism Poster project Design your own Country: Create a name, flag, Shield/coat of armor with motto, and identity by including the following information about your country. Natural Resources 1. Oil 2. Iron ore/steel 3. Grain 4. Timber Military 1. small/tech advanced 2. large number/low tech 3. balance of tech/numbers 4. mercenaries Wealth 1. diamond 2. platinum 3. gold 4. silver Education level 1. advanced degrees 2. educated 3. low education 4. peasants Pick one number 1, 2, 3, and 4 from the columns above. Next, choose your government: democracy monarchy dictator ***You must also draw your country on the front. We will present these. Listen to find countries with resources you may need. ***You may form an alliance w/other student countries to obtain items ***You may try to take over other student countries ***Markers only for outlining. Make sure designs and names are original!

Types of Government • Democracy - government by the people (USA) • Dictatorship - the form of government in which absolute power is exercised by a dictator (usually taken by force, ruthless) • Monarchy - the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch (king or queen)

Alliances Criteria! 1. Each Country can have no more than THREE alliances, so choose wisely! 2. If two countries agree to an alliance, you must sign on the back of each countries’ poster. 3. The treaty signed on the back needs to include: • the country name, their scores for Natural Resources, Military, Wealth, and Education level, and the signature of the countries’ president.

Nationalism 1. Write a detailed paragraph describing your country. Show your Nationalism: why is your country the best? Explain, promote, and brag about it. Include information like: -industries (remember what your natural resources are). - Population-what are the people like? What language do they speak? What types of jobs do they have? What are the cities like?

Going to war!!!! 1. Countries receive rolls of the dice based upon the quality of the work on their countries poster. See scoring guide, max possible 10 rolls per country. 2. Countries are seeded by number of dice rolls 3. Countries roll the dice, count up scores, country with the highest score moves on to the next round 4. Play continues until one country is left standing!

Reflection In a paragraph, reflect about the Imperialism Country Poster Project. Be sure to include the information below. • What did you like about the Imperialism Country Poster Project? • What could you have done to improve your country/poster? • What is something you will remember about imperialism? • What would you have changed about the activity that would have improved your learning?