IMPERIALISM British Imperialism In India Setting the Stage

IMPERIALISM British Imperialism In India

Setting the Stage 1600 s – British East India Company established trading posts in Bombay, India. The Mughal Empire was collapsing and Robert Clive defeated the Indian forces at the Battle of Plassey. British East India Company Agents

Sir Robert Clive

British East India Company Rule Goal: Profit from selling cotton cloth, silk & sugar British defeat of France in Seven Year’s War (17561763) leaves them the major power in India B. E. I. Company builds telegraph, railroads, postal service and schools “jewel in the crown” Organizes army called sepoys to defend its interests British shipped opium to China in exchange for tea they sent to England Many of these things helped Indians but… Indians resented British interference not allowed high level positions in Company schools taught English & Western ideas

British Opium Warehouse in Patna, India Selling Patna Opium in China

The Sepoy Mutiny 1857: Sepoys refused to use cartridges supplied for new rifles soldiers had to bite off the ends of cartridges rumor that ends were greased with beef and pork fat Sepoys rebelled and marched to Delhi British send reinforcements and put down mutiny in 1858 British government takes command of India away from British East India Company The Raj refers to the part of India the British ruled from 1757 to 1947.

The Sepoy Mutiny

Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny, 185 7

Execution of Sepoys: “The Devil’s Wind”

Toward Independence 1885: Hindus formed the Indian National Congress Mahatma Gandhi “Great One” 1906: Muslims created the Muslim League Mohammed Ali Jinnah Gandhi persuaded Indians to practice passive resistance followers refused to obey British laws, serve in the military, pay taxes. arrests and beating took place 1947: British weakened by WWII grant India independence divide country in two Muslim Pakistan (NW & NE India) Republic of India

Indian National Congress

The Muslim League

Young Mohandas K. Gandhi, 18 76 1869 - 1948

Gandhi as a Lawyer in Johannesburg, So. Africa

Imperialism In Southeast Asia

European Powers in the Pacific Rim Dutch East India Company in Indonesia 1602 Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, Moluccas, Bali British in Singapore port founded in 1824 established rule in Burma in 1880 s French took over Indochina 1859 -1893 Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos (tribute of Qing Dynasty) Germans in Marshall Islands, New Guinea, Solomon Islands *** See map on page 797

East Asia in 1914