IMPACT ON IDEOLOGY Evolution is at the foundation

IMPACT ON IDEOLOGY ﺍﻷﺜﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ “Evolution is at the foundation of Communism, Materialism, Atheism, Relativism, Pluralism, Humanism, Naturalism and Postmodernism ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻥ ، ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﻪ ، ﻭﺍﻹﻟﺤﺎﺩ ، ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ، ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻮﻋﻴﺔ

Microevolution within type: YES ﻧﻌﻢ : ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﻨﻮﺍﻉ Macroevolution across types: NO ﻻ : ﺑﺮ ﺃﻨﻮﺍﻉ

1. Non-living things gave rise to living things (SG) ﺣﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺘﺞ ﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ 2. No presence of an external agent (Creator) ﺧﺎﻟﻖ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻻ 3. The universe evolves from particles to people ﺍﻧﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻲ ﺟﺰﻳﺌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﻳﺘﻄﻮﺭ

Age of Mammals Age of Reptiles Age of Amphibians Age of Fishes Age of Invertebrates

The Second Law of Thermodynamics: The universe is heading toward disorder ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺗﺠﻪ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻓﻮﺿﻰ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ Original System Increased Disorder Highly Ordered With Time ���� �� ���� – ��� �� ����� ����

• “Illuminating but spotty, the fossil record is like a film of evolution from which 999 of every 1, 000 frames have been lost on the cutting-room floor. ” (National Geographic, November 2004, 25. ) �������� �� ” ������ ������ ���� ������ ��� ����� 1000 �� ��� ���� ���� "��� �� ������ ��

“The extreme rareness of transitional forms in the fossil record persists as the trade secret of paleontology. The evolutionary trees that adorn our textbooks have data only at the tips and nodes of their branches; the rest is inference, however reasonable not the evidence of fossils. ” Stephen J. Gould (1941 -2002) Prof. Harvard University ﻟﻸﺸﻜﺎﻝ ﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ”ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮﻳﺎﺕ American paleontologis ﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻷﺴﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺕ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ t, evolutionary ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ . ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮﻳﺎﺕ biologist, and historian of science. ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﺃﻤﺎ ﻫﺎﻣﺸﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ He is one of the most influential writers ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ of popular science of his " ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ generation Stephen Jay Gould, “Evolution’s Erratic Pace, ” Natural History 86, (1977): 14.

“New life forms appear in the fossil record looking much like the same as when they disappear…. a species does not gradually appear by the steady transformation of its ancestors; it appears all at once “fully formed. ” ﺳﺠﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺃﺸﻜﺎﻝ "ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺃﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻴﺎ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ . . . ﺗﺨﺘﻔﻲ ”ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺠﺄﺔ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺑﻞ ، ﺍﻷﺠﺪﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺮﺩ “ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻞ Stephen J. Gould (1941 -2002) Prof. Harvard University American paleontologis t, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science. He is one of the most influential writers of popular science of his generation Stephen Jay Gould, “Unshakable Foundations, 175

“We are now one hundred and twenty years after Darwin and the knowledge of the fossil record has been greatly expanded. We now have a quarter of a million fossil species, but the situation hasn’t changed much…. we have even fewer examples of evolutionary transition than we had in Darwin’s time. ” ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺎﻣ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﺍﻵﻦ "ﻧﺤﻦ David M. Raup . ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺗﺴﻊ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻷﺤﻔﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻞ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ University of Chicago paleontologist. He ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ، ﺍﺣﻔﻮﺭﻱ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺍﻵﻦ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ studied the fossil record and the diversity of life ﻟﻼﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻤﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻓﻨﺤﻦ . . ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻟﻢ on Earth. ". ﺩﺍﺭﻭﻳﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺃﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭﻱ David M. Raup, Curator of the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, 1979

“Research on the origin of life seems to be unique in that the conclusion has already been authoritatively accepted …. What remains to be done is to find the scenarios which describe the detailed mechanisms and processes by which this happened. ﺃﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺃﺼﻞ ﻋﻦ "ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻳﺘﻌﻴﻦ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻻ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ . . . ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺘﻪ ﻳﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ " ﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﻠﻴﺎﺕ Hubert Yockey, Ph. D - a physicist and information theorist. Yockey, H. P. , A calculation of the probability of spontaneous biogenesis by information theory, Journal of Theoretical Biology 67: 377 -398, 1977.

One must conclude that, contrary to the established and current wisdom, a scenario describing the genesis of life on earth by chance and natural causes which can be accepted on the basis of fact and not faith has not yet been written. ” ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﺎﺭﻳﻮﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻓﺔ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻧﺸﺄﺔ ﻳﺼﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻷﺴﺒﺎﺏ " ﺑﻌﺪ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻟﻢ ، ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺃﺴﺎﺱ Hubert Yockey, Ph. D - a physicist and information theorist. Yockey, H. P. , A calculation of the probability of spontaneous biogenesis by information theory, Journal of Theoretical Biology 67: 377 -398, 1977.

SUGGESTED READINGS ﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ

SUGGESTED READINGS 1. 2. 3. 4. ﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ The Genesis Record, Dr. Henry Morris The Collapse of Evolution, Scott Huse Refuting Evolution, Dr. Jonathan Sarfati Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No!, Dr. Duane Gish 5. Scientific Creationism, Dr. Henry Morris 6. Dinosaurs by Design, Dr. Duane Gish 7. The Battle for the Beginning, Dr. John Mac. Arthur 8. The Design Revolution, Dr. William Demski 9. The Origin of Species Revisited, W. R. Bird 10. It Matters What We Believe, Mike Riddle

SUGGESTED READINGS ﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﻣﻘﺘﺮﺣﺔ 12. The Young Earth, Dr. John Morris 13. Science and the Bible, Dr. Henry Morris 14. Tornado in a Junkyard, James Perloff 15. In The Beginning, Dr. Walt Brown 16. Evolution: A Theory in Crisis, Michael Denton 17. Darwin on Trial, Dr. Phillip Johnson 18. Darwin’s Black Box, Dr. Michael Behe 19. Design Inference, Dr. William Dembski 20. Icons of Evolution, Dr. Jonathan Wells