Immunology Jeopardy Vaccines 2 nd vaccines review Congenital

Immunology Jeopardy

Vaccines (2 nd vaccines review) Congenital & acquired immunodeficiency The HIV and AIDS $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 John $100 $200 SCORE

$100 What type of vaccine is most likely to give long-lasting protection? A. B. C. D. E. Killed vaccine Recombinant vaccine Attenuated vaccine Toxoid vaccine Subunit vaccine

$100 What type of vaccine is most likely to give long-lasting protection? A. B. C. D. E. Killed vaccine Recombinant vaccine Attenuated vaccine Toxoid vaccine Subunit vaccine SCORE

$200. How do lymphocytes containing membraneassociated Ig. M and Ig. D typically respond to foreign bacterial antigen? A. B. C. D. E. Negative selection Positive selection Differentiate into naïve cells Directly kill bacterially-infected cells Clonally expand

$200. How do lymphocytes containing membrane -associated Ig. M and Ig. D typically respond to foreign bacterial antigen? A. B. C. D. E. Negative selection Positive selection Differentiate into naïve cells Directly kill bacterially-infected cells Clonally expand SCORE

$300 Up to half of the Ig. G found in the serum of a normal individual is produced by which of the following cells? A. B. C. D. E. Naïve B cells in lymph node Effector B cells in the spleen Effector B cells in Peyer’s patches Long-lived plasma cells in the bone marrow Developing B cells in the bone marrow 30

$300 Up to half of the Ig. G found in the serum of a normal individual is produced by which of the following cells? A. B. C. D. Naïve B cells in lymph node Effector B cells in the spleen Effector B cells in Peyer’s patches Long-lived plasma cells in the bone marrow E. Developing B cells in the bone marrow SCORE

$400 Which of the following is LEAST associated with MALT? A. B. C. D. E. Ig. A TGF- IFN- T cells 30

$400 Which of the following is LEAST associated with MALT? A. B. C. D. E. Ig. A TGF- IFN- T cells SCORE

Intestinal mucosal environment vs. the parenteral (or peripheral) environment

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

$500 Which of the following is/are an inactivated vaccine? A. B. C. D. E. F. TIV OPV MMR BCG PYT More than one, but not all 30

$500 Which of the following is/are an inactivated vaccine? A. B. C. D. E. F. TIV OPV MMR BCG PYT More than one, but not all SCORE

Killed or inactivated viral vaccines Examples: Salk vaccine (IPV) and the TIV vaccine for Influenza virus (IPV = Inactivated Polio Vaccine) (TIV = Trivalent Inactivated Vaccine) The Salk vaccine was created by inactivating the 3 polio strains with formalin. Formalin denatures viral proteins to make them inactive. If too much formalin used, vaccine not effective, if too little formalin used, vaccine could contain live virus. TIV created by growing three emerging influenza strains in eggs, inactivating the viruses, and combining the immunogenic viral proteins TIV could also technically be called a subunit vaccine, since the antigenic proteins from three viral strains are combined together.

Attenuated vaccines CHECK SCORE Examples: Sabin vaccine (OPV), LAIV, MMR and Chickenpox (Varicella) vaccines OPV=Oral Polio Vaccine MMR=Measles, Mumps and Rubella viruses LAIV - Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine, not recommended by CDC for 2016 -2017 BCG vaccine- attenuated strain of M. bovis, used to treat against M. tuberculosis BCG- (Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine) Multiple mechanisms exist for producing an attenuated pathogen -repeated passaging outside of human body, or outside of human cells -repeated passaging at lower temperatures (30 C) -growth in eggs or other animal -inactivation of virulence factors by chemical treatment, e. g. formaldehyde, formalin

$100 Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a congenital immunodeficiency? A. B. C. D. Chronic granulomatous disease Leukocyte adhesion deficiency Neutropenia SCID 30

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a congenital immunodeficiency? A. B. C. D. Chronic granulomatous disease Leukocyte adhesion deficiency Neutropenia SCID SCORE

$200 Which of the following is NOT an immunodeficiency caused by a defect in phagocytes? A. B. C. D. Chronic granulomatous disease Chédiak–Higashi syndrome Leukocyte adhesion deficiency Di. George syndrome 30

$200 Which of the following is NOT an immunodeficiency caused by a defect in phagocytes? A. B. C. D. Chronic granulomatous disease Chédiak–Higashi syndrome Leukocyte adhesion deficiency Di. George syndrome SCORE

$300 What type of immune deficiency is characterized by the lack of the common chain of several cytokine receptors (e. g. IL-2, IL-4, IL-7)? A. B. C. D. X-linked SCID Autosomal recessive SCID CGD Di. George syndrome 30

$300 What type of immune deficiency is characterized by the lack of the common chain of several cytokine receptors (e. g. IL-2, IL-4, IL-7)? A. B. C. D. X-linked SCID Autosomal recessive SCID CGD Di. George syndrome SCORE

Different manifestations of SCID IL-7 is a cytokine required for 1 - proliferation of early T and B cell progenitors 2 - survival of naïve and memory T lymphocytes Abbas Fig. 12. 3

$400 A genetic defect eliminating production of granulocytes would be expected to effect A. B. C. D. E. Neutrophils Plasma cells CTLs NK cells more than one, but not all 30

$400 A genetic defect eliminating production of granulocytes would be expected to effect A. B. C. D. E. Neutrophils Plasma cells CTLs NK cells more than one, but not all SCORE

Hematopoietic stem cells and lineages These figures from Doan are purely for illustrative purposes, information for RATs and Final Exam can be obtained solely from Abbas. Doan Fig. 15. 1

$500 An inherited defect preventing production of NK cells and phagocytic cells would affect all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. C. D. E. F. T cell activation Opsonization Antibody production Alternative complement pathway ADCC More then one, but not all 30

$500 An inherited defect preventing production of NK cells and phagocytic cells would affect all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. C. D. E. F. T cell activation Opsonization Antibody production Alternative complement pathway ADCC More then one, but not all

The Complement Cascade: Activation pathways and Consequences of activation Flaherty Fig. 2 -1

Effects of phagocytic cell and NK cell deficiencies Doan Fig. 15. 5 SCORE CHECK SCORE

$100 The following HIV strain has been responsible for the most deaths in Africa A. B. C. D. HIV-1 HIV-2 HIV-3 HIV-4 30

$100 The following HIV strain has been responsible for the most deaths in Africa A. B. C. D. HIV-1 HIV-2 HIV-3 HIV-4 SCORE

$200 Which of the following is LEAST associated with AIDS? A. B. C. D. E. Breast cancer B-cell lymphoma Kaposi’s sarcoma Opportunistic fungal infections CD 4 count 200 cells per l of blood 30

$200 Which of the following is LEAST associated with AIDS? A. B. C. D. E. Breast cancer B-cell lymphoma Kaposi’s sarcoma Opportunistic fungal infections CD 4 count 200 cells per l of blood SCORE

Opportunistic pathogens associated with AIDS

$300 A defect in which of the following human genes is most associated with HIV-resistance? A. B. C. D. E. Reverse transcriptase gp 41 gp 120 CXCR 4 CCR 5 30

$300 A defect in which of the following human genes is most associated with HIV-resistance? A. B. C. D. E. Reverse transcriptase gp 41 gp 120 CXCR 4 CCR 5 SCORE

Attachment and membrane fusion of HIV Flaherty Fig 26 -3

$400 Which of the following steps is NOT associated with the HIV life cycle? A. packaging of RNA genome into capsids B. Integration of viral DNA into host genome C. HIV proteins expressed in host plasma membrane D. RNA-based synthesis of DNA E. DNA-based synthesis of RNA F. All of the above are associated 30

$400 Which of the following steps is NOT associated with the HIV life cycle? A. packaging of RNA genome into capsids B. Integration of viral DNA into host genome C. HIV proteins expressed in host plasma membrane D. RNA-based synthesis of DNA E. DNA-based synthesis of RNA F. All of the above are associated SCORE

Life cycle of HIV

$500 Which of the following statements describe Zidovudine? A. B. C. D. E. F. Is a NNRTI Is a cytidine analog Is a protease inhibitor Is the same as AZT All of the above More than one, but not all 30

$500 Which of the following statements describe Zidovudine? A. B. C. D. E. F. Is a NNRTI Is a cytidine analog Is a protease inhibitor Is the same as AZT All of the above More than one, but not all SCORE

Zidovudine (AZT) -an example of a NRTI SCORE CHECK SCORE