IMMUNOLOGY Bios 328 a textbookbased study of immunology

IMMUNOLOGY Bios 328 a textbook-based study of immunology Spring 2003 http: //www. lehigh. edu/~sk 08/Courses/Bios 328/mainpage. htm

Immunologic responses Innate Acquired

Immunologic responses Innate –anatomic –physiologic –phagocytic –inflammatory (acute, not chronic) Acquired –……

Innate immunologic response Anatomic: e. g. , skin (!) a barrier… sometimes ciliated sometimes coated with mucous sometimes bathed with fluids

Innate immunologic response Ciliated, coated, bathed… What are the principal routes of entries of pathogens and other noxious agents? • Alimentary system • Respiratory system • Urogenital system

Innate immunologic response Ciliated, coated, bathed… Ciliated: sweep entities away or into mucous Coated: entrap entities; expel through coughing Bathed: fluids flush… or serve as solvent for enzymes like lysozyme (which digests the near universal beta 1, 4 glycosidic linkage between Nacetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine in bacterial walls) Other: fatty acids in skin (affect p. H)

Innate immunologic response viz. physiologic Other: fatty acids in skin (affect p. H) More “other”: numerous proteins Interferons Kinins Fibrins Complement

Immunologic response • • Skin… obviously “anatomic” Fluids… phsyiologic (? ) Fatty acids… physiologic again Phagocytic – Who does this? • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (aka neutrophils) • Macrophages • Inflammation What is this?

Inflammation • • Caldor Rubor Tumor Dolor HEAT REDNESS SWELLING PAIN

Immunologic responses Innate Acquired

Immunologic responses Innate also called non-specific Acquired also called specific or adaptive

Immunologic responses Innate Invariant… does not vary with stimulus Acquired Highly variable and has memory

Acquired immunologic response Principal features: • Specific • Able to respond to innumerable stimuli • Able to distinguish self and non-self • Has memory

Immunology: