Immigration I Immigration Objective 1 Describe the difference

Immigration

I. Immigration Objective #1 Describe the difference between “Old” and “New” immigrants to America. What part of Europe did each group originate from? What group had the most advantages upon reaching the United States? Why? List three reasons people would have left Europe for the United States? A. ‘Old’ Immigration (Before 1865) 1. Northern & Western Europe a. Great Britain, Germany, Scandinavia

Immigration Objective #1 2. Better Educated & Skilled a. Most had a skill of some sort (a trade) Ex. Carpenter / Butchers 3. Cultural Similarities WASP! a. Spoke English (Easier to Assimilate) b. Protestant (Religion)

Immigration Objective #1 B. ‘New’ Immigration (After 1865) 1. Southern & Eastern Europe a. Italians, Greeks, Russians, Polish 2. Unskilled Labor a. Mostly poor Farmers b. No School Education

Immigration Objective #1 3. BIG CULTURAL DIFFERENCES a. Language – Little to no English b. Religion Ex. Catholic / Eastern Orthodox / Jewish ** Much harder to ASSIMILATE** Definition? ? ? 4. ASSIMILATION (Fitting In) a. Children lead the way b. Speak English/Clothes/School 1 st GENERATION: Immigrant / Speaks only foreign Language 2 nd GENERATION: Son/Daughter of Immigrant / Speaks English & Parent’s Language 3 rd GENERATION: Grand Children of Immigrant / Speaks ONLY English

Immigration Objective #1 C. Why Immigrate? 1. Religious – Jews suffer Russian ‘Pogroms’ Killing and driving out of Russia 2. Economic – Too Little Land/$$$$$ 3. Crop Failures D. Where did they Go? ? 1. Ellis Island in New York City a. 1880 -1930 20 mill. Immigrant (Out of 27 Million) b. Those not “desirable” sent back! 2. Angel Island (San Francisco) a. Mainly Chinese

II. Objective #2 - Working & Living in Cities Describe working and living conditions in most cities during this time period. Describe what type of places did immigrants get jobs at in the cities? Explain the housing situation for most immigrants. Describe the Triangle Shirt Waist Factory Disaster. Identify Jacob Riis and explain his and name his book. A. Population Explosion 1. American Migrants a. African Americans from South b. Farming Families (Failed Homesteads) 2. Immigrants from Europe B. TRAPPED in the CITIES 1. ‘New’ Immigrants a. Little to no skills (need factory jobs) b. Settle with same nationality in neighborhoods. Ex. Little Italy / Little Warsaw (Polish)

Objective #2 - City: Working & Living 2. Working Conditions a. Sweatshop Work (Factories) b. 12 -18 hr. Days / Poor Money / Kids / Dangerous Ex. Triangle Shirt Factory (HW Sheet) 3. Living Conditions a. Tenement Living ex. Apartments with small rooms, generally rented by families (1 Room = 1 Family) b. Filth, Overcrowding, Disease, Poverty

Objective #2 - City: Working & Living C. Reaction to Cities & Immigrants 1. Anti-Immigration Feelings a. “Nativism” (Amer. Protective Assoc. ) -Against Immigration b. Congress Acts **RACIST - 1 st Law, Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) -Literacy Bill (Vetoed by 3 Pres. ) until 1917 c. Violence -1880 Denver, Whites attack Chinese -Race Riots, Whites attack Af. Americans

Objective #2 - City: Working & Living