Immigration Ethnocultural Statistics n Statistics Canada Tina Chui

Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics n Statistics Canada Tina Chui Calgary & Edmonton, Alberta December 10 & 11, 2003

Increasing focus on immigration & cultural diversity n Increasingly important component of total population growth as well as labour force growth n Continuing cultural diversity, particularly in large urban areas n Economic situation of recent immigrants

Key Immigration & Ethno-cultural Data Sources n Census of Population n Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) – The Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD) & IMDB n Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC) n Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS) n Other household surveys

Census of Population

Census of Population n Long history of questions on: • • • n place of birth citizenship year of immigration In 2001, questions added on birthplace of parents, religion and language of work

Census of Population n Ethno-cultural characteristics (ethnic origin, visible minority status, languages, etc. ) n Education n Labour force activity n Occupation n Income

What Census Data Tell Us n Size & origins of the immigrant population, children of immigrants, ethnic groups, etc. n Settlement & mobility patterns of immigrants and ethnic groups over time n Labour market experience of immigrants, adult children of immigrants, visible minorities, ethnic groups

Data Availability: 2001 Census n www. statcan. ca • 2001 Census Analysis Series • Thematic maps • Multimedia presentation: 100 years of immigration • Highlight tables, Canadian Overview Tables, etc. • Community Profiles n Profiles of immigrant groups, ethnic origins, visible minority groups and religions n Core tables for the Metropolis Project

Advantages of Using Census Data n More than 100 years of historical data n Detailed information on birthplaces, ethnic origins, visible minority groups, languages, etc. n Data available for small geographic areas n Wide range of socio-cultural and economic variables can be used in analysis

Limitations of Census Data n n Not longitudinal – cannot follow the same respondents over time No year of arrival information (asks the year landed immigrant status was obtained) n No immigration program information (e. g. categories of admission; selection characteristics) n Outcome measures, rather than process

Longitudinal Immigration Database

What is the IMDB? n n Administrative database of linked immigration files with taxation files Longitudinal: 1980 -2000; updated annually – All landed immigrants from 1980 -2000 – Tax data from 1980 -2000 – Up to 16 years of information n Supported by a federal-provincial consortium, led by Citizenship & Immigration Canada (CIC)

Contents of the IMDB n n Designed to address the need for detailed, policy-relevant data on the immigration program Content includes: – Demographic data & characteristics of landing – Program & selection information – Detailed income data over time – Geographic location over time

Contents of the IMDB (continued) n From the immigration portion – primarily used as independent variables in analysis – Demographic data – Program & selection information – Personal attributes at time of landing – Province of original destination

Contents of the IMDB (continued) n Selected fields from T 1: – Employment earnings – Income from self-employment – Employment insurance – Welfare benefits (from 1992) – Investment income – Geographic location for each tax year n SIC(80) from T 4 based on dominant earnings

What the IMDB tells us? n n Link between immigrant policy levers (e. g. , selection criteria) and economic outcomes Labour market behaviour of different categories of admission of immigrants over time Secondary inter-provincial & inter-urban migration of immigrants Potential information on immigrant children

IMDB: Access & confidentiality n n n Condition of linkage approval – no public access to microdata Access restricted to the IMDB project team Only aggregated data released outside STC All data randomly rounded Screened for confidentiality

IMDB: Products n Compendium Tables n Standard Summary Tables n Ad hoc requests

What isn’t in the IMDB? n No comparison or reference group n No family/household information n No information on skills, education, and language abilities acquired after landing

What is the Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD) n Longitudinal sample of individuals (20% of tax-filing Canadians, sampled from T 1 Family File) n Contains over 270 variables relating to these individuals and their families n Presently spans 19 years (1982 -2000); update as additional years become available

Contents of the LAD n Individual demographics – age, sex, marital status n Family demographics – type of family, number & age of children n Geography – Province/territory, city, town, postal code, census geography (CMA, CD, CT) n Income variables – Employment income, investment, transfer payments, other income

LAD & IMDB n Match by SIN, all immigrant tax-filers to the LAD sample n Result, 20% of immigrants n Data are weighted to produce estimates n 17 key immigrant variables retained

LAD & IMDB: access & confidentiality n Controlled access – Very limited access to microdata – Confidential data must remain on-site – Secure physical environment n Rules to prevent disclosure – Addition of noise, suppression, dominance, residual disclosure avoidance, rounding

What LAD & IMDB tell us? n n n n 19 years of data Low income measure (LIM) Family information from T 1 FF Census family & SLID census family Comparison group of all tax-filers Child tax benefit information QC tax estimates

Questions on IMDB, LAD & IMDB Heather Dryburgh Manager, Longitudinal Immigration Database (613) 951 -0501 Heather. dryburgh@statcan. ca Client Services: 613 -951 -5979 hfsslf@statcan. ca

Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada

Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada Survey Objectives: § to study how new immigrants adjust to life in Canada over time § to provide information on the factors that can help or hinder this adjustment

LSIC Target population and sampling frame Target population includes immigrants who: § arrived in Canada between October 2000 and September 2001 § landed from abroad § Are age 15 and over § About 165, 000 immigrants meet these criteria Sampling frame Administrative database provided by Citizenship and Immigration Canada

LSIC Survey Timelines § Longitudinal – 3 interviews – approximately 6 months, 2 years and 4 years after arriving in Canada § § § Wave 1: April 2001 to March 2002 Wave 2: December 2002 to November 2003 Wave 3: October 2004 to September 2005

LSIC Survey Design § Computer assisted interviewing (CAI), face-toface interview environment § Average household visit of 90 minutes § Interviews are conducted in 15 different languages § The longitudinal respondent is the unit of analysis; 12, 000 individuals interviewed in Wave 1

LSIC Questionnaire Content § Socio-demographic information (Wave 1 only) § Reasons for coming to Canada (Wave 1 only) § Social interactions § Language skills § Housing § Education § Employment § Health

LSIC Questionnaire Content (continued) § § § Values and attitudes Citizenship Perceptions of settlement Income Event history analysis for housing, employment & education experiences since arrival § Problems encountered, type of help needed & sources of help received

LSIC Data Outputs § A major release in Statistics Canada’s The Daily, accompanied by an analytical report of results & tables – September 4, 2003 § Joint STC-CIC publication – Winter 2004 § Production of a set of standard tables § Master microdata files for Research Data Centres § Remote data access and custom tabulations

Questions on LSIC Tracey Leesti Senior Project Manager (613) 951 -5693 Tracey. leesti@statcan. ca Client Services 1 -800 -461 -9050 or ssd@statcan. ca

Ethnic Diversity Survey

Ethnic Diversity Survey Objectives: § to provide information on the ethnic & cultural backgrounds of people in Canada and how these backgrounds related to their lives today § To better understand how Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds interpret and report their ethnicity Target population: § Population aged 15 and over living in private dwellings in the 10 provinces, excluding Indian Reserves and Aboriginal

EDS Sample design & selection Two-phase stratified design · Phase I: 2001 long census questionnaires (one-in-five households in Canada) · Phase II: Selected a sample of respondents from the Census according to specific characteristics Sample selection: · Divided the Census population into groups according to the responses to the following three questions: · Ethnic origin · Birthplace of respondent · Birthplace of parents · Total of 15 strata; random selection within each strata

EDS Interviews · 57, 000 persons selected to be interviewed (no proxy reporting) between April and August 2002 · Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing, approximately 35 minute interviews · Interviewed in 9 different languages · 42, 500 people were interviewed

EDS Content Modules & Themes § § § Entry Ethnic self-Definition Respondent & Family Background Knowledge & Use of Language Family Interaction Social Networks

EDS Content Modules & Themes (continued) § § § Civic Participation Interaction with Society Attitudes Trust & Satisfaction Socio-economic activities Who answered 2001 Census questionnaire

EDS Potential Research Areas Unpacking Ethnicity Discrimination & Unfair Treatment EDS Social Capital Social Networks Participation in Society Socio-economic Status Transnationalism Transmission of Culture & Language

EDS Products § Official release in Statistics Canada’s The Daily – September 29, 2003 § Analytic article: Ethnic Diversity Survey: Portrait of a multicultural society § Analysis file for Research Data Centres § Possible Public Use Microdata File in 2004

Questions on EDS Jane Badets Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics (613) 951 -2561 Jane. badets@statcan. ca Client Services: 613 -951 -5979 hfsslf@statcan. ca

Other Household Surveys

Other household surveys n Immigration questions are included on most household surveys…. but immigrant samples tend to be small. n Canadian Community Health Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics Youth in Transition Survey Adult Literacy and Lifeskills Survey n n n

Questions? Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics Housing, Family & Social Statistics Division Statistics Canada Jane Badets Ottawa, Ontario (613) 951 -2561 Jane. badets@statcan. ca Tina Chui Ottawa, Ontario (613) 951 -8108 Tina. chui@statcan. ca