Immigration and Urbanization Chapter 3 Section 2 Immigration

Immigration and Urbanization Chapter 3 Section 2

Immigration and Urbanization Name Date Class Period • Write your name, date, class, and period in the upper right hand corner (see above). • Write the topic of the notes on the top line

Immigration and Urbanization New Immigrants From many Lands • What is immigration? • Were did many of the immigrants come from during the two major immigration waves between 1840 to 1920? Name Date Class Period • Immigration is the act of someone leaving one country that they are a resident of to go to another that they plan on permanently living in. • The first wave between 1840 to 1880 was mainly comprised of Irish and German immigrants. The second wave 1880 to 1920 was comprised of southern and eastern Europeans and Asians.

Immigration and Urbanization Push and Pull Factors • Why did Immigrants come to the United States, what were some of the push and pull factors? • How did Immigrants impact American Society? • Name Date Class Period Immigrants who came to American between 1840 to 1920 came for many different reasons, however the majority of them came to the United States looking for religious freedom and jobs. (military service) • Immigrants impacted America in many different ways, they brought new cultures, ideas, and workers. However they also brought about, crime, and disease.

Immigration and Urbanization Landing and Welcome • How many Immigrants came to America between 1880 and 1920? • Why were American afraid of all of these new immigrants? • Name Date Class Period Between 1880 to 1920 approximately 18 million immigrants arrived in America many of them entering through Ellis Island, New York. However Angel Island, San Francisco was another major port of entry as well especially for those of Asian decent. • Many American feared the arrival of these new immigrants for several reasons, mainly because they believed that they threatened there way of life. They believed that they would take their jobs and undermine their culture. How does this connect to today, are we experiencing the same feelings in America Nowadays?

Immigration and Urbanization The Immigrant Experience • What was some of the major differences between the first wave immigrants and second wave immigrants? • What was the immigrant experience like? Name Date Class Period • Some of the major differences between the two wave was that the first was comprised of Irish and German, English speaking, protestant individuals who had many labor skills. The second wave however was made up of non-English speaking non-skilled laborers, who were mainly Jewish and Catholic. • While no two immigrants shared the same experience they did all have to go through the same process of finding work, a place to live, over coming prejudice, from natives and their own country men as well and start the assimilation process to their new American/Urban life style. Does this experience remind you of what immigrants today must deal with or is it different?

Immigration and Urbanization Opportunities and Challenges How long did the journey usually take and what kind of conditions did the immigrants have to travel in? Once arriving in America what kind of help could immigrants expect to find? • Name Date Class Period The Journey could take any were from several days to months. Usually the conditions were cramped dark, and un-sanitary. It was usually in the cargo-hold of a ship that would cross the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans. • Immigrants had limited options to look for help many relied on family members who had already came to America, their was also different organizations that would help such as the Italian Knights of Columbus, Irish Hibernian Association, and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society.

Immigration and Urbanization Cities Experience Growth and Change • Who made up the majority of new comers to American cities during this time period? • Name Date Class Period Both Immigrants and American Farmers moved to the cities looking for new jobs, life styles, and overall more exciting way of life. • For many new-comers to the city • What was life like dreams of being able to own all the new in these new urban commodities were exactly that, dreams. center? As many new-comers to the city soon found out they could barely afford to live let alone afford any of the new convinces.

Immigration and Urbanization Cities Experience Growth and Change Cont. Name Date Class Period What was life like in these new urban center? Cont. • Some of these new convinces included department stores, coffee-houses, sporting events, theaters and dance halls. • What were some of the problems that came with this rapid growth? • In the book Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser, Sister Carrie finds out that while there are many new and amazing attractions in these new cities there also many problems that come with it. Some include poor sanitation, crime, vice, and major overcrowding.

Immigration and Urbanization Technology Improves Urban Life • How can the problems being faced in these new, rapidly expanding cities be solved? • What did this allow the city to do? • Name Date Class Period Technology once again comes to the aid of society in trying to tame this out of control growth within these cities. City planners and workers scramble to introduce new electric streetlights, new forms of transportation including horse-drawn trolley, elevated railroads and electric trolleys. Also sewer, clean water, and public sanitation measures were put into effect. • This allowed the cities to expand with these new forms of transportation suburbs for the first time started to appear.

Immigration and Urbanization Urban Life Creates Problems • Why did these technology mainly only help the wealthy and or middle class. • How did they help the working class? • Name Date Class Period This is because only the wealthy could escape the major problem of the major cities, their rapid growth. The wealthy could leave and head to the suburbs however for the majority of citizens this was not an option do in large part to lack of money. • For most individuals the life of tenement living was their way of life. However new street lights and transportation did provide some safety and help to the working class.

Immigration and Urbanization Urban Life Creates Problems Cont. • What is a Tenement? Name Date Class Period • A house divided into and rented in such separate residences, esp. one that is run-down and overcrowded. Like the one in the picture responses from today's big 3 warm-up.

Immigration and Urbanization Social and Cultural Trends • • What else did this new industrialization/ Urbanization do for all people? Name Date Class Period While most people still could not afford all of the new luxuries of life that came with this advancement in technology it did provide everyone with some new opportunities. A shift from producing only the essential to producing leisure items became a new trend. • How did this rapid industrialization help society? • This trend helped by introducing a new middle class that could afford these items. This rapid industrialization lead to new positions opening such as engineers, accountants, attorneys, and management positions.

Immigration and Urbanization Positive and Negative reactions to Rapid Growth Name Date Class Period • How did this • It lead to a time in which people were rapid Growth huddled into dark and dirty living industrialization/ conditions were people were seen more like urbanization cattle than human. Workers were treated plague society? like animals working 12 to 16 hour work days, living in tenements with up to 20 people in a room the size of the bathrooms at school, streets littered with garbage, thieves, and gangs. Traffic Jams as far as the eye could see, disease around every corner that could kill a person with little to no medical help available. However out of it all came many good things as well.

Immigration and Urbanization Positive and Negative reactions to Rapid Growth Name Date Class Period • How did this • The rapid growth and industrialization led rapid Growth to many great improvements in American industrialization/ life it gave rise to the expansion of public urbanization sanitation, cultural diversification, birth of benefit society? access to leisure activates, safety regulations, a boom in entertainment, education (university access for women and gradate programs), the birth of labor unions and so on. This ear gave rise to the birth of modern society without it life as we know it would not exist. What do you think are some of the advantages and disadvantages of this rapid growth and urbanization of America? Do you think it has lead us down the path we should be on?