Imam AlHasan The Second Imam By A S
Imam Al-Hasan The Second Imam By A. S. Hashim. MD
Early Childhood I q Born in Medina, 2 nd Yr of Hijrah q The Prophet loves him very much q Born after Badr confrontation q Fills the house with joy
Early Childhood II q At age of 1, the battle of Ohod takes place q Al-Husain is born q The Prophet loves the boys dearly q The Prophet calls Al-Hasan and Al-Husain as His Children
Early Childhood III q At 3, a sister is born, Zainab q At 4, another sister is born, Umm Kalthoom q At 6, Ayah of Tat’heer is revealed q Al-Hasan is one of Ahlul Bayt
Ayah of Tat’heer and Ahlul Bayt q Al-Kisaa as narrated by Jabir Al-Ansaari q Took place in Umm Salama’s house q Ali, Fatima, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain under one cover along with the Prophet q The Prophet declares: These are my Ahlul Bayt
Early Childhood IV q Christians from Najran visit Muhammad q They inquire about Islam, and q The Quran challenges them (Mubaahala) q They agree to invoke Damnation of God on the liars q Next day, seeing that Muhammad brought Ahlul Bayt for Mubaahala, q The Christians retreat, asking to be excused from Mubaahala
Ayah for Mubaahala Surah 3: Ayah 61. "THEN SAY: LET US CALL UPON OUR CHILDREN AND YOUR CHILDREN, OUR LADIES AND YOUR LADIES, OURSELVES AND YOURSELVES, THEN WE PRAY SO THAT ALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE UPON THOSE WHO TELL UNTRUTH" ﺍ ﺍﺀ ﺍ ﻥ ﻳ آ ﻭﻧ ﻧﺍ ﺍﺀ ﺍﺀﺍ ﺍ ﺍﺍﻳﻦ ﻯ ﺍﻟ ﻝ
Ayah of Tat’heer ﻳﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﻧ ﺍﻟ ﻳ ﺍ (Surah 33: Ayah 33. According to A'isha, Ayah of Tat'heer (Purification) was revealed on behalf of Fatima, Ali, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain, see Sahih Muslim Vol. 3, Page 130. ) VERILY, ALLAH HAS DECREED TO PURIFY YOU, O' AHLUL BAYT, AND SANCTIFY YOU IN A PERFECT WAY
Well known Hadiths about al-Hasan and al. Husain ﺷـﺒﺎﺏ ﺳـﻴﺪﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴـﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻪ ﺍﻫﻞ AL-HASAN AND AL-HUSAIN ARE EACH A PRINCE OVER THE YOUTHFUL IN HEAVEN". ﻭ ﻱ ﺃﺤ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺴـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴـ ﺃﺤ ﺃﺒﻧﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﺒـﻣﺎ ﺣﺎﺭﺑﻡ ﻥ ﻭﺣﺮ ، ﺳﺎﻟﻤـﺘﻢ ﻥ ﻟ ﺃﻨﺎ THE ONE WHO LOVES HASAN AND HUSAIN WILL ALSO HAVE LOVED ME, AND HE WHO DETESTS THEM, WILL HAVE DETESTED ME. "IN PEACE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN PEACE WITH AND IN BATTLE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN BATTLE WITH
Age 7 -8 Yrs Old q Al-Hasan at age 7 -8: the Prophet dies q Saqeefa happenings and its aftermath of Khilaafah q Father works in Grove to support family q Father tutors Al-Hasan and Al-Husain along with Ibn Abbas q Mother is sick
Age 8 Yrs Old q Mother Fatima dies q Buried at night, as per her wishes ØSo buried to avoid connection with some people who had angered her q Al-Hasan misses his mother very much q In mourning q Father continues to tutor them
Lineage Grandfathers Muhammad and Abu Talib Father Ali Al-Hasan Grandmothers Khadijah and Fatima Mother Fatima
New Step Mother q Father marries Asmaa bint Umais q Asmaa was wife of Abu Bakr q Asmaa had Abu Bakr’s baby by name of Muhammad q Asmaa was previously wife of Ja’far, brother of Ali. Ja’far was killed in Mu’ta battle
As a Child q Al-Hasan at 10, Abu Bakr dies, Omar the Khalifa q Al-Hasan helps father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge q Full of questions in quest of knowledge q Family busy with Muhammad son of Abu Bakr and others
As a Youth q Participates in Religious discourses and discussions q Omar’s rule ØStrict, Islamic ØSahaaba are forbidden from leaving Medina ØIslamic Expansion into Persia and Byzantine territories q Keeps helping father to write the Corpus of Knowledge
At Age Twenty q Omar dies, being stabbed by Abu Lu’lua q Omar appointing 6 to choose a Khalifa q Uthman becomes Khalifa q Al-Hasan and Al-Husain help father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge
In his Twenties q Gets married q Loves perfume and good grooming q At first Uthman’s Rule was mellow but good q Uthman starts to appoint corrupt family clan to high offices: Dynasty Rules q Corruption of the rulers lead to complaints q Ali marries Umm Al-Baneen
Corpus of Knowledge Ali’s writings during: Abu Bakr, Omar, and Uthman’s Khilaafah: Corpus of Knowledge consists of the following: 1. Quran in chorological order 2. Tafseer (Mus’haf Fatima) 3. Hadith (Saheefa of Ali) 4. Ah’kaam 5. Al-Jafr a. White Jafr: Prophets and early times b. Red Jafr: Rules of war in Islam
In his Twenties II q Al-Hasan and Al-Husain participate in North Africa Campaign q Feels the anger of the society about rule of Uthman q Defends Uthman from the rebels surrounding Uthman’s house q Al-Hasan gets wounded in defending Uthman
In his Twenties III q Has many brothers through Umm Al-Baneen q The house is very active with the expanded family q Continues his discourses at Masjid Al-Nabawi q Has many children by now
In his Thirties q Ali is elected for Khilaafah q Some People agitate against Ali q A’isha, Talha, and Zubair lead a force and head toward Basrah q Ali and his family head toward Kufa
Al-Hasan Deployed to Kufa q Al-Hasan heads to Kufa with a handful of supporters q Builds support for his father in Kufa q Ali, family, and 500 people arrive from Medina q They build support to fight off the insurgents in Basrah
Al-Hasan at Jamal Confrontation q During the battle Ali was very protective of Al-Hasan and Al-Husain q Ali urged his other son (Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah) to face the rebels q When asked about Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, he replied: ØI don’t want to expose the lineage of Rasool Allah to be cut off (up to Al-Mahdi)
Al-Hasan at Jamal Confrontation q Al-Hasan was in charge of war supplies q This meant a complex experience in war management q Al-Hasan did very well q Al-Hasan cool and penetrating personality fit the job assigned to him q Al-Hasan was 33 years old at the time
At Age of 34 q Heads to Siffin to confront Mu’awiya q Is in charge of supplies administration of all the forces q Participates in the 9 day battle q Fighting was severe sometimes
At Siffin q Al-Hasan Is aware of Mu’awiya’s intrigue q Al-Ashath, father-in-Law of Al-Hasan, was the main underground agent for Mu’awiya q Al-Hasan was married to Joda, daughter of Al-Ashath q Al-Hasan witnesses the debacle of Khariji and the call for arbitrations
At Age of 35 -37 q Witnesses the suffering of the widows and orphans resulting from Siffin aftermath q Aware of Nahrawan and its consequences q Aware of the havoc caused by Mu’awiya ØIn Iraq ØIn Yemen ØIn other territories
At Age of 37 q Wounded by Ibn Muljim, Ali gives Al-Hasan the last advice q Ali designates Al-Hasan as the 2 nd Imam q They bury Ali in Najaf q People give Al-Hasan allegiance, he is to face Mu'awiya
Al-Hasan forces q Mu’awiya bribes many leaders in Al-Hasan's forces q Many people shift alliance to Mu’awiya q Some Khariji even wound Al-Hasan q Mu’awiya offers a truce for surrender
Reaches agreement with Mu'awiya q Agreement has 7 points q Al-Hasan gives a speech to the worshippers at the Grand Mosque of Kufa q Mu’awiya follows by a speech q Al-Hasan and family return to Medina
The Agreement 1. That Mu'awiya shall deal with people according to the Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet. 2. That Mu'awiya shall not appoint anyone as his successor. 3. That the people of Syria, Iraq, Hijaz and Yemen and other lands shall enjoy amnesty against persecution. 4. That friends and companions of Ali and all their women and children shall be protected against all fear and shall be allowed to live in peace. 5. That Mu'awiya shall not in anyway, either openly or secretly plot against or injure or threaten Imam Al-Hasan, Imam Al-Husain and other kinsmen of the Prophet (pbuh) and that he will assure them their rights. 6. That he shall pay a sum of 50, 000 dirhams annually out of the national revenue to Imam Al-Hasan. (Imam Al-Hasan wanted to financially help the families which had lost a member or more in their previous bloody battles. ) 7. That the abusive language shall not be used with reference to the Supreme Leader of the Faithful, Ali, and that the present abuse of him and his followers after Salats shall be discontinued.
Al-Hasan’s Speech to Kufa People "Verily, Allah Almighty has guided you through our grandfather, Muhammad (pbuh) who salvaged you from darkness and ignorance. Verily, Mu'awiya disputed with me in the matter of the special position assigned to me, and I found no supporters. Therefore, in order to restore peace and prevent bloodshed I abdicate my power. You had promised to fight against anyone whom I might fight and to make peace. Now, I have deemed it expedient in your interest and for your well-being to make peace with Mu'awiya and I have preferred the prevention of slaughter and carnage to the prospect of bloody war, and in doing so my object was your interest therefore you should accept what I have done. " (Jilaa' Al-Uyoon. )
Mu’awiya’s Speech to Kufa Mu'awiya, having secured all the power in his hand, declared the objective of his government, unabashedly, in the following words: "I have not waged war to establish prayer or fasting or to enforce Zakat. My object was to have power over you (subjugate you) and become your Ruler. . . . And as for the terms which I have made with Al-Hasan, behold I am free, to observe them or to break them at my will. " (Jilaa' Al-Uyoon. )
In Medina, age: 37 -47 Yrs q Teaches Islamic discourses in Medina q Helps the widows out of his income q Helps the orphans out of his income q Is pained by Mu’awiya’s deception
Mu'awiya deceives q Breaks the treaty, ignoring all points except the monthly payments q Mu'awiya continues to curse Ali on every pulpit q Mu’awiya makes cursing Ali as State Policy q Cursing Ali is mandated all over the Islamic world
At Age 47 q Mu'awiya sends an agent to bribe Joda, the wife of Al- Hasan ØWould give her a huge sum of money if a powder is put in Al-Hasan’s food ØPromises she would marry Yazid (his son) in return ØJoda poisons Al-Hasan in this manner q Mu’awiya refuses to let Joda marry Yazid
Al-Hasan designates Al-Husain as Imam q Sick with the poison: ØJaundiced and feeling very weak Øvomiting blood material q Al-Hasan designates Al-Husain as the 3 rd Imam q Wants to be buried by the Prophet if possible
Burial q Burial was not allowed by the ruling Benu Umayya q The Janaaza was shifted under pressure to Al-Baqii’ q Benu Umayya even threw arrows at the Janaaza of Al- Hasan q Al-Hasan was buried in Baqii’
Picture of Al-Baqii before 1925
Al-Baqii after 1925
THE TRIUMPH OF VIRTUE over VICE BENU HASHIM MUHAMMAD (pbuh) BENU UMAYYA Abu Sufyan fought Muhammad and Islam. ABU SUFYAN ALI (a. s. ) Mu'awiya fought Ali, used deception. MU'AWIYA AL-HASAN (a. s. ) Mu'awiya used deception with Al-Hasan then poisoned him. AL-HUSAIN (a. s. ) Yazid killed Al-Husain in the worst manner. YAZID
Finally Let us Read Surah al-Asr Together
Be in Allah’s Care Thank you and May God Bless you. Dr. A. S. Hashim
- Slides: 48