Image 1 Image 2 What is the Renaissance

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What is the Renaissance? n During the Renaissance (1300 to 1600), Western Europe emerged from the Middle Ages: –Renaissance means “rebirth” –Revival in Greek & Roman ideas, learning, & trade –New ideas in art, government, & human potential –The Renaissance marked the beginning of the “modern era”

Middle Ages to the Renaissance: What Changed? n Trade & Cities? n Government? n Religion? n Human n Art Potential? & Architecture?

What Changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance? Trade & Cities

Trade & Cities in the Middle Ages?

What Caused the Change? The Crusades

What were things like in the Renaissance?

Trade & Cities n Increased trade for luxury goods led to cities: –Status was based on wealth & ability, not birthright –A new middle class of bankers, merchants, & skilled craftsmen gained lots of power –Wealthy citizens showed their new status by buying art & building cathedrals for their city

What were things like in the Renaissance?

What were things like in the Renaissance?

Trade & Cities n Italian merchants remained close to Byzantine & Muslim merchants so trade quickly reemerged in Italy n Florence was the most important city; the Renaissance began there –Had a strong textile industry –Had lots of banks to give loans –The Medici family (banking) used their wealth to make Florence Italy’s most artistic city

What Changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance? Government

Government in the Middle Ages?

What Caused the Change? The 100 Years War

Decline of Feudalism— 100 Years War n. Beginning in 1337, England invaded France to take over lands that belonged to William the Conqueror (a Frenchman who ruled England in 1066) n. Began 116 years of turmoil

Nationalism n People looked at the King as a national leader fighting for the glory of the nation-state n English people were proud when England defeated France in battle; French people were proud when France defeated England in battle France England

Joan of Arc n England & France traded victories for 92 years, but in 1429 a young girl named Joan of Arc had a vision that she could lead France to victory n Under her leadership, France defeated England n BUT, Joan was captured & condemned to die by fire; Joan of Arc is considered a French hero & religious saint

Why would the prince believe in Joan of Arc?

What were things like in the Renaissance?

Government n Kings were able to tax merchants & began using money to form armies to protect citizens n The 100 Years War led to: –The cannon & longbow which made feudal lords less powerful –Nationalism increased as people became loyal to the king & nation, rather than their lord

What Changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance? Religion

Religion in the Middle Ages?

What Caused the Change? The Great Schism & The Crusades

What were things like in the Renaissance?

Religion n Many people lost respect for the Pope after the: –Great Schism in 1054: disagreements between Italian & French Catholics led to 2 popes –Losses during the Crusades n Despite having less respect, the Catholic Church was still an important part of peoples’ lives & the pope remained important

What Changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance? Human Potential

Human Potential in the Middle Ages?

What Caused the Change? The Black Death

What were things like in the Renaissance?

Human Potential n Individuals became the center of attention during the Renaissance –People began to think that each person can accomplish anything –Humanists—studied the “classical” ideas of Greece & Rome; believed education could make the world a better place

Human Potential n What was expected of men & women in the Renaissance? Renaissance women were far –The “ideal man”butwas better educated had well fewer educated, can dance, rights thansmart, medieval women write poetry, & play music; (called a “Renaissance Man”) Man –The ideal woman should have the same qualities but should not seek fame or political power

What Changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance? Art & Architecture

Art in the Middle Ages?

What Caused the Change? Increased Wealth & Classical Ideas

What were things like in the Renaissance? Classical Ideas Religion Perspective The Individual Realism

Art & Architecture n Italians spent money on art to show their new wealth n Renaissance artists & architects were inspired by the Greeks & Romans but used new styles to make innovative new designs: –Showed realism & expressions –Used perspective & shading –Emphasized individual people