ILLEGAL DRUGS THEIR TYPES AND EFFECTS Types of

ILLEGAL DRUGS: THEIR TYPES AND EFFECTS

Types of Illegal Drugs • Stimulants • Depressants • Hallucinogen • Narcotics • Inhalants © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Types of Illegal Drugs Stimulants Stimulate the central nervous system © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

What are the types of illegal drugs? 1. o o Stimulants substances that stimulate or speed up the functions of the central nervous system and increase brain activity drugs used to increase alertness, relieve fatigue, feel stronger and more decisive; used for euphoric effects

Examples of Stimulants Cocaine Crack Ecstasy Alkyl Nitrites e. g. poppers Amphetamines Nicotine

Amphetamine Effects on User: During the "up" time: Extra energy, cheerfulness, confidence, prevents sleep, reduces appetite, speeds up breathing and heart rate, widens the pupils. During the "down" time (about eight hours after use): Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, anxiety, anger. How it's Administered: It's injected, smoked or inhaled.

What are the types of illegal drugs? 1. o Stimulants Amphetamines – known as “pep pills”

Ecstasy Effects on User: Mild hallucinogenic effects, increased tactile sensitivity, empathic feelings, impaired memory and learning, hyperthermia, cardiac toxicity, renal failure and liver toxicity How it's Administered: It's taken orally.

What are the types of illegal drugs? 1. o Stimulants Caffeine – found in tea, coffee, cola drinks and chocolate tea

1. o Stimulants Cocaine – white powder from coca trees. coca

coccaine

What are the types of illegal drugs? 1. o Stimulants Nicotine – substance found in tobacco products

What are the possible effects of stimulants? increased heart and respiratory rates elevated blood pressure dilated pupils and decreased appetite high doses may cause rapid or irregular heartbeat loss of coordination a feeling of restlessness, anxiety and delusions

Types of Illegal Drugs Depressants • Barbiturates • Sedatives • Tranquilizers © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Depressants Drugs that act on the central nervous system and slow down brain activity. Impaired co-ordination, balance and judgement are common. Higher doses can lead progressively to drowsiness, vomiting, coma and even death.

What are the types of illegal drugs? 2. Depressants o Barbiturates – used to overcome insomnia and treat epilepsy

What are the types of illegal drugs? 2. o Depressants Tranquilizers and sleeping pills

What are the types of illegal drugs? 2. Depressants o Alcohol - is a clear drink that is made from corn, barley, grain, rye, or a beverage containing ethyl.

o It acts primarily on the nerve cells within the brain. It interferes with communication between nerve cells and all other cells, suppressing the activities of excitatory nerve pathways and increasing the activities of inhibitory nerve pathways.

2. o Depressants Alcohol

What are the possible effects of Depressants? Small amounts cause calmness and relaxed muscles Larger amounts cause slurred speech, impaired judgment, loss of motor coordination Very large doses may cause respiratory depression, coma and death

Alcohol—Physiological and Behavioral Effects Long-term Effects continued… Cirrhosis in U. S. of the liver is one of top ten causes of death Storage of fat in liver leads to fibrosis (scarring of liver tissue) In cirrhosis, liver cells begin to die Repeated irritation of organs can lead to cancer of mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomach and liver, even the breast Can block absorption of calcium

Hallucinogens Street use is intended to produce “mind expansion, ” hallucinations, and psychedelic experiences © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Hallucinogens Drugs that act to change the way users experience the world through the five senses. Sometimes this involves seeing, and hearing things which aren't there.

Examples of Hallucinogens Cannabis LSD Magic mushrooms Ketamine

Hallucinogen Cannabis Mild, non-additive drug with limited hallucinogenic properties © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Cannabis Illegally used to induce states of euphoria, detachment, relaxation, intoxication, and focused awareness © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Cannabis • Marijuana • Hashish • Cannabis plants © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Cannabis • Sinsemilla • Hashish oil © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Narcotics Street use of these drugs is intended to induce pleasure, … © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Narcotics …euphoria, a lack of concern, and general feelings of well-being © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Narcotics Opium, heroin, morphine, methadone, codeine, Dilaudid © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

Inhalants Gateway drugs – substances that initiate young people into illicit drug use © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

What are the types of illegal drugs? 5. Inhalants o glue o correction fluid o Paint/ paint thinner o marker pens o nail polish remover o gasoline

What are the types of illegal drugs? 5. Inhalants o room deodorizers o rugby o hair spray

What are the possible effects of Inhalants? immediate effects include relaxation, euphoria, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting long term effects include memory loss, visual disturbances, motor problems, peripheral nerve damage and damage to the lungs, liver, heart and kidney.