III American Romantic Period 1820 1865 o I

III. American Romantic Period (1820 -1865) o I. Romantic Fathers: o Washington Irving and J. F. Cooper o II. New England Transcendentalists (1836 -1855): o Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau o III. The First Literary Renaissance o 1. Two novelists: Hawthorne and Melville o 2. A Controversial man of letters: E. A. Poe o 3. The Epitomes of American Poetry: o Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson

III. American Romantic Period (1820 -1865) o 4. Other Romantic poets: o a. W. C. Bryant (Thanatopsis, The Yellow Violet, To a waterfoul) o b. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (A Psalm of Life; The Song of o o o o Hiawatha; Evangeline; The Courtship of Miles Standish) c. John Greenleaf Whittier, New England Laureate, (Snow-Bound) d. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Boston Brahmin (Old Ironsides, The last Leaf) e. James Russell Lowell, Boston Brahmin (A Year’s Life, Biglow Papers) f. Frederick Goddard Tuckerman, poet of forest (Poems, Sonnets, “A Cricket”)

III. American Romantic Period (1820 -1865) o 5. Two models of American Prose: o Frederick Douglass as a prose writer Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass o Abraham Lincoln as a prose writer o Gettysburg Address o 6. Two Literary Critics: Emerson and Poe as the first professional critic o “The Philosophy of Composition”, 1846 “The Poetic Principle”, 1850