IFAD SL Workshop The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework Its

IFAD SL Workshop The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework • It’s ONE WAY of “organising” the complex issues surrounding POVERTY • It’s NOT the ONLY WAY • It needs to be: o o Slide 1 Modified Adapted Made appropriate to local circumstances Made appropriate to local priorities Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Livelihoods assets Human Capital Social Capital Physical Capital Slide 2 The Poor Natural Capital Financial Capital Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Human Capital • • • Slide 3 Health Nutrition Education Knowledge and skills Capacity to work Capacity to adapt Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Natural Capital • Land produce • Wild foods & fibres • Water & aquatic resources • Biodiversity • Trees and forest products • Environmental services • Wildlife Slide 4 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop • Networks and connections • Relations of trust and mutual support Formal and informal groups Common rules and sanctions Collective representation Mechanisms for participation in decisionmaking Leadership • • • Slide 5 Social Capital o patronage o neighbourhoods o kinship Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Physical Capital • Infrastructure • transport - roads, vehicles, etc. • secure shelter & buildings • water supply & sanitation • energy • communications • Tools and techology • tools and equipment for production • seed, fertiliser, pesticides • traditional technology Slide 6 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Financial Capital Slide 7 • Savings • Credit/debt - formal, informal, NGOs • Remittances • Pensions • Wages Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop The Asset Mix • Different households with different access to livelihood “assets” • Livelihoods affected by: o diversityof assets o amount of assets o balance between assets Slide 8 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Human capital • labour capacity So……. . • no education • limited skills Landless female agricultural labourer Natural capital • landless • access to common property resources Financial capital • low wages Human Capital Social Capital Physical Capital • no access to credit Physical capital Natural • poor water supply Capital • poor housing • poor communications Financial Capital Social capital • low social status • descrimination against women • strong links with family & friends • traditions of reciprocal exchange = an extremely reduced “livelihood pentagon” Slide 9 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop “Vulnerability” Context Shocks – Floods, droughts, cyclones – Deaths in the family – Violence or civil unrest • Seasonality • Trends and changes – Population – Environmental change – Technology – Markets and trade – Globalisation • Slide 10 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop “Vulnerability” Context H Vulnerability Context N S The Poor Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes P Slide 11 F Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Policies, Institutions & Processes • • of of • Institutions • • political, legislative & representative bodies executive agencies judicial bodies civil society & membership organisations NGOs law, money political parties commercial enterprises & corporations • Processes • • • the “rules of the game” decision-making processes social norms & customs gender, caste, class language • Policies Slide 12 government different LEVELS of government NGOs interational bodies Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Policies, Institutions & Processes H Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes Slide 13 S N The Poor P influence Policies Institutions Processes F Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Livelihood Strategies Combining: • the assets they can access Taking account of: • the vulnerability context Supported or obstructed by: • policies, institutions and processes. ………. . leading to Slide 14 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop Livelihood Outcomes Poverty - a “poor” livelihood outcome: • based on a fragile or unbalanced set of livelihood assets • unable to sustain to shocks, changes or trends • not supported, or actively obstructed by policies, institutions and processes that do not allow assets to be used as they might • livehood options combined in a “bad” or unsustainable strategy Slide 15 Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

IFAD SL Workshop The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework H Vulnerability Context Shocks Seasonality Trends Changes Slide 16 S N Policies influence Institutions Processes The Poor P Livelihood Strategies Livelihood Outcomes F Sustainable Livelihoods Framework