IEE 5011 Autumn 2013 Memory Systems Solid State

IEE 5011 –Autumn 2013 Memory Systems Solid State Drive with Flash Memory Wei-Shen, Hsu Department of Electronics Engineering National Chiao Tung University wilson 79114@Hotmail. com Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013

Outline n Introduction n An Overview of SSD Drive l The Architecture of SSD l The Benefit of SSD Drive n Flash Memory Storage Medium l Flash Memory l NAND Memory Operational Functions l NAND Memory Management Operation n Integrated Lifetime Management l Target SSD Architecture l Results n Reference Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 2

Introduction n Why SSD? Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 3

An Overview of SSD Drive (1/3) n SSD l electrically, mechanically, and software compatible n DRAM-Based SSDs l volatile memory n Flash-Based SSDs l non-volatile memory Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 4

An Overview of SSD Drive (2/3) n The Architecture of SSD l Array of Flash Memory l Micro-Controller l Memory Bus Data l I/O Interface Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 5

An Overview of SSD Drive (3/3) n The benefit of SSD drive l Without Moving Mechanical Components Ø Platters Ø Read/Write Head Ø Spindle Motor l Silent Operation Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 6

Flash Memory Storage Medium (1/5) n NOR Flash l Pros: random data accessibility, faster reading capability l Cons: writing and erasing data n NAND Flash l Pros: large storage capacity, storing and erasing data l Cons: random data accessing Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 7

Flash Memory Storage Medium (2/5) n NAND Memory l Memory array l I/O buffer n Page l Main storage area l Spare area Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 8

Flash Memory Storage Medium (3/5) n NAND Memory Operational Functions l Read : fetch the required data l Write : 1 → 0 l Erase : 0 → 1 n Three Phases: setup, busy, and data transfer Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 9

Flash Memory Storage Medium (4/5) n Three Access Operations Phases l Setup Phase Ødetermine a targeted page address l Busy Phase Øloading the required data into the I/O buffer l Data Transfer Phase Øsequentially fetch data Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 10

Flash Memory Storage Medium (5/5) n NAND Memory Management Operation l Out-Place Updating Øthe newest updated data is written to some available free page l Garbage Collection Øchange the dead pages into free pages l Wear-Levelling Øcontrol the block erasing operation to increase the block lifetime Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 11

Target SSD Architecture n Lifetime-Enhancement Techniques l Lossless Compression l Data Deduplication l Performance Throttling Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 12

Integrated Lifetime Management (1/4) n Integration of Individual Lifetime-Enhancement Schemes l interval-based approach Øenable or disable each lifetime-enhancement scheme Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 13

Integrated Lifetime Management (2/4) n Deduplication Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 14

Integrated Lifetime Management (3/4) n Lossless Compression l Compression Chunk Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 15

Integrated Lifetime Management (4/4) n Performance Throttling l Delay write operations Ødetermines a throttling delay Øregulates the write speed of SSDs Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 16

Results n Throttling and Integrated that employ performance throttling can guarantee the 5 -year SSD lifetime. Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 17

Reference n n n n n A. R. Rahiman and P. Sumari, "Solid State Disk: A New Storage Device for Video Storage Server, " in ITSim 2008 of International Symposium on Information Technology, 2008. Sungjin Lee, Taejin Kim, Ji-Sung Park, and Jihong Kim, "An Integrated Approach for Managing the Lifetime of Flash-Based SSDs, " in Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 2013. W. G. Aref, I. Kamel, and S. Ghandeharizadeh, "Disk scheduling in video editing systems, " IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 933 -950, 2011. D. Reinsel, J. Janukowicz, and R. Perry, "Replacing HDDs with SSDs: The Business Case for Transition, " 2007. F. Chen, T. Luo, and X. Zhang, "CAFTL: A Content-Aware Flash Translation Layer Enhancing the Lifespan of Flash Memory Based Solid State Drives, " in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2011. Y. Park and J. -S. Kim, "Compression Support for Flash Translation Layer, " in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Software Support for Portable Storage, 2010. 1. -D. Kang, 1. -S. Kim, C. Park, H. Park, and 1. Lee, "A multi-channel architecture for high-performance NAND flash-based storage system, " Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 53, pp. 644 -658, 2007. S. Lee, T. Kim, K. Kim, and J. Kim, "Lifetime Management of Flash-Based SSDs Using Recovery-Aware Dynamic Throttling, " in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2012. http: //www. topology. com. tw/reportcontent. asp? id=445 TFSVQESCS 9 K 2 GX 86 GCV 8 NA 5 Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 18

Thank you for your attention Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 NCTU IEE 5011 Memory Systems 2013 19