Identifying Pennsylvania Trees Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program Tree

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Identifying Pennsylvania Trees Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program

Identifying Pennsylvania Trees Pennsylvania Forest Stewardship Program

Tree Identification • In this presentation you will learn to identify trees using the

Tree Identification • In this presentation you will learn to identify trees using the Summer Key to Pennsylvania Trees. • Trees can be identified using many factors including leaves, bark, twigs, buds, flowers, and fruits.

Leaf Types

Leaf Types

Scale-like

Scale-like

Broad and flat

Broad and flat

Needles

Needles

Leaf-type Comparison

Leaf-type Comparison

Leaf Arrangement

Leaf Arrangement

Alternate

Alternate

Opposite

Opposite

Whorled

Whorled

Leaf Arrangement Comparison

Leaf Arrangement Comparison

Leaf Structure

Leaf Structure

A simple leaf Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud

A simple leaf Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud

A Compound Leaflet Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud Pinnately compound

A Compound Leaflet Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud Pinnately compound

A Compound Leaflet Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud Palmately compound

A Compound Leaflet Petiole (leaf stalk) Bud Palmately compound

Leaf Structure Comparison

Leaf Structure Comparison

Leaf margins Serrate Dentate Double serrate Lobed Entire

Leaf margins Serrate Dentate Double serrate Lobed Entire

Identification Section

Identification Section

Red Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite

Red Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite

Red Maple Acer rubrum

Red Maple Acer rubrum

Red Maple

Red Maple

Sugar Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite

Sugar Maple ID Slide Hint: opposite

Sugar Maple Acer saccharum

Sugar Maple Acer saccharum

Sugar Maple

Sugar Maple

Flowering Dogwood ID Slide Hint: opposite

Flowering Dogwood ID Slide Hint: opposite

Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida

Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida

Flowering Dogwood

Flowering Dogwood

Northern Red Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate

Northern Red Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate

Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra

Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra

Northern Red Oak

Northern Red Oak

White Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate

White Oak ID Slide Hint: alternate

White Oak Quercus alba

White Oak Quercus alba

White Oak

White Oak

White Oak versus Red Oak Comparison White Oak Red Oak

White Oak versus Red Oak Comparison White Oak Red Oak

American Beech ID Slide Hint: alternate

American Beech ID Slide Hint: alternate

American Beech Fagus grandifolia

American Beech Fagus grandifolia

American Beech

American Beech

Yellow Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate / hairy

Yellow Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate / hairy

Yellow Birch Betula alleghaniensis

Yellow Birch Betula alleghaniensis

Yellow Birch

Yellow Birch

Hint: alternate/hairy Sweet (Black) Birch ID Slide

Hint: alternate/hairy Sweet (Black) Birch ID Slide

Sweet (Black) Birch Betula lenta

Sweet (Black) Birch Betula lenta

Sweet (Black) Birch

Sweet (Black) Birch

Paper Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate; hairy

Paper Birch ID Slide Hint: alternate; hairy

Paper Birch Betula papyrifera

Paper Birch Betula papyrifera

Paper Birch

Paper Birch

Eastern Hemlock ID Slide

Eastern Hemlock ID Slide

Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis

Eastern Hemlock Tsuga canadensis

Eastern Hemlock

Eastern Hemlock

Eastern Redcedar ID Slide

Eastern Redcedar ID Slide

Eastern Redcedar Juniperus virginiana

Eastern Redcedar Juniperus virginiana

Eastern Redcedar

Eastern Redcedar

Balsam Fir ID Slide Hint: leaves do not have stalks

Balsam Fir ID Slide Hint: leaves do not have stalks

Balsam Fir Abies balsamea

Balsam Fir Abies balsamea

Balsam Fir

Balsam Fir

Norway Spruce ID Slide

Norway Spruce ID Slide

Norway Spruce Picea abies

Norway Spruce Picea abies

Norway Spruce

Norway Spruce

Fir versus Spruce Balsam Fir Norway Spruce

Fir versus Spruce Balsam Fir Norway Spruce

Eastern White Pine ID Slide (one bundle)

Eastern White Pine ID Slide (one bundle)

Eastern White Pinus strobus

Eastern White Pinus strobus

Eastern White Pine

Eastern White Pine

Horse Chestnut ID Slide Hint: opposite

Horse Chestnut ID Slide Hint: opposite

Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum

Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum

Horse Chestnut

Horse Chestnut

Hint: needles more than 3 inches long Red Pine ID Slide

Hint: needles more than 3 inches long Red Pine ID Slide

Red Pine Pinus resinosa

Red Pine Pinus resinosa

Red Pine

Red Pine

American Elm ID Slide Hint: leaves rough

American Elm ID Slide Hint: leaves rough

American Elm Ulmus americana

American Elm Ulmus americana

American Elm

American Elm

Bitternut Hickory ID Slide Clue: alternate, sap not milky

Bitternut Hickory ID Slide Clue: alternate, sap not milky

Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis

Bitternut Hickory Carya cordiformis

Bitternut Hickory

Bitternut Hickory

Pitch Pine ID Slide

Pitch Pine ID Slide

Pitch Pine Pinus rigida

Pitch Pine Pinus rigida

Pitch Pine

Pitch Pine

Black Cherry ID Slide Hint: leaf not compound and not hairy, margins have fine

Black Cherry ID Slide Hint: leaf not compound and not hairy, margins have fine teeth; leaf stalks have glands.

Black Cherry Prunus serotina

Black Cherry Prunus serotina

Black Cherry

Black Cherry

Black Walnut ID Slide Hint: sap not milky; leaves hairy

Black Walnut ID Slide Hint: sap not milky; leaves hairy

Black Walnut Juglans nigra

Black Walnut Juglans nigra

Black Walnut

Black Walnut

American Larch ID Slide

American Larch ID Slide

American Larch Larix laricina

American Larch Larix laricina

American Larch

American Larch

Wild Grape Not found in the key

Wild Grape Not found in the key

Wild Grape Vitis spp.

Wild Grape Vitis spp.

Wild Grape

Wild Grape

White Ash ID Slide

White Ash ID Slide

White Ash Fraxinus americana

White Ash Fraxinus americana

White Ash

White Ash

Sycamore Not found in the key

Sycamore Not found in the key

Sycamore Platanus occidentalis

Sycamore Platanus occidentalis

Sycamore

Sycamore

Sassafras ID Slide

Sassafras ID Slide

Sassafras albidum

Sassafras albidum

Sassafras

Sassafras

Cucumber-tree Magnolia ID Slide Hint: leaves usually greater than 5 inches long

Cucumber-tree Magnolia ID Slide Hint: leaves usually greater than 5 inches long

Cucumber-tree Magnolia acuminata

Cucumber-tree Magnolia acuminata

Cucumber-tree Magnolia

Cucumber-tree Magnolia

Sweetgum ID Slide

Sweetgum ID Slide

Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua

Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua

Sweetgum

Sweetgum

Norway Maple ID Slide

Norway Maple ID Slide

Norway Maple Acer platanoides

Norway Maple Acer platanoides

Norway Maple

Norway Maple

Black Locust ID Slide Hint: sap not milky

Black Locust ID Slide Hint: sap not milky

Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia

Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia

Black Locust

Black Locust

Striped Maple ID Slide

Striped Maple ID Slide

Striped Maple Acer pensylvanicum

Striped Maple Acer pensylvanicum

Striped Maple

Striped Maple

Smooth Sumac ID Slide Hint: milky sap

Smooth Sumac ID Slide Hint: milky sap

Smooth Sumac Rhus glabra

Smooth Sumac Rhus glabra

Smooth Sumac

Smooth Sumac

Yellow-poplar ID Slide

Yellow-poplar ID Slide

Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

Yellow-poplar Liriodendron tulipifera

Yellow-poplar

Yellow-poplar

The Summer Key To Pennsylvania Trees is a small part of the Pennsylvania 4

The Summer Key To Pennsylvania Trees is a small part of the Pennsylvania 4 -H forestry curriculum. Contact your Penn State Cooperative Extension Office to request additional information about 4 -H and other educational programs.

 • Prepared by Paul Roth, Research Assistant, and Rance Harmon, Extension Associate, The

• Prepared by Paul Roth, Research Assistant, and Rance Harmon, Extension Associate, The Pennsylvania State University, School of Forest Resources & Cooperative Extension Acknowledgements • Idea development and review: Jason Hall, Sandra Insalaco, and Cecile Stelter – Service Foresters – Pennslyvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry • Review: James Finley & Sanford Smith, The Pennsylvania State University School of Forest Resources & Cooperative Extension • Images provided courtesy of Virginia Tech & The University of Wisconsin. • Line art courtesy of The Pennsylvania State University College of Agricultural Sciences and the Pennsylvania 4 -H Program References • Common Trees of Pennsylvania, Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry • The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees Eastern Region, Knolph, Alfred A. Inc. 1980 • Virginia Tech Dendrological Web Page, www. fw. vt. edu/dendrology/main. html • University of Wisconsin, botanical images, www. wisc. edu/botit/dendrology/names. html Penn State is committed to affirmative action, equal opportunity, and the diversity of its workforce. © The Pennsylvania State University, 2002