ICTs Climate Change and Development Overview Concepts Angelica

ICTs, Climate Change and Development: Overview Concepts Angelica Valeria Ospina & Richard Heeks Centre for Development Informatics University of Manchester, UK Climate Change, Innovation & ICTs Project: http: //www. niccd. org Centre for Development Informatics

Why Use Frameworks? • Understanding • Communication • Knowledge-Building: Centre for Development Informatics

Bo. P Shocks and Vulnerabilities Shocks Vulnerabilities Disaster Poverty Water Shortage Food Insecurity Centre for Development Informatics Illness Personal Insecurity Environmental Degradation http: //caglecartoons. com

ICTs, Climate Change & Development: Overview Model Mitigation Strategy Adaptation (Causes) Physical Consumption -Dematerialisation of Goods/Services Journey Substitution Physical Production -Shift to Knowledge Economy (Effects) e-Enabled: -Carbon Markets -Decision-Making -Policy Networks -Awareness/Capacity. Building -Technology Transfer Energy Use Manufacture & Use: -ICTs (Green vs. Brown IT) -Smart Motors/Logistics -Smart Building Design -Smart Transport -Socio-Polítical -Livelihoods & Finance -Health -Habitat -Food (Agriculture) -Water Energy Generation & Distribution -Smart Power/Grid Application Areas / CC Related Vulnerabilities ICTs Adaptation Role Monitoring -CC Data Capture -CC Data Processing -CC Data Presentation and Dissemination -Measuring -Informing & Networking -Deciding: • Predicting (Risk, Early Warning) • Planning (inc. Local Mitigation) • Coping (Short-Term/ Disaster) • Adapting (Long-Term) -Transacting -Producing -Mobility

ICTs, Climate Change and Development: Value Chain Exogenous Factors ICT Precursors -Data systems -Legal -Institutional -Human -Technological -Leadership -Drivers/ Demand Strategy ICT Inputs -Money -Labour -Technology -Values and Motivations -Political support -Targets Implementation READINESS Centre for Development Informatics ICT Intermediates / Deliverables -Locations (e. g. telecentres) -ICTs (e. g. PC, mobile) -Software applications AVAILABILITY Adoption Use Sustainability Scalability UPTAKE Outputs -New Communication Patterns -New Information & Decisions -New Actions & Transactions Outcomes -Financial & other quantitative benefits -Qualitative benefits -Disbenefits IMPACT Climate Change Impacts -Mitigation -Adaptation -Monitoring -Strategy

What do we mean by Resilience? WITHSTAND ADAP T . . . TRANSFORM RECOVER Ospina & Heeks (2011)

e-Resilience Assets, Institutions & Structures + ICTs ity l bi a er s on i s en m Di n Micro Meso Macro l Vu e-Resilient Vulnerable System & Flexibility …to diversify Robustness …to strengthen physical preparedness & institutions …to speed up access to information & mobilization of resources Diversity Scale Rapidity Selforganisation Learning …to receive weather alerts & prepare, mobilize coordinate with neighbors …to document & disseminate experiences & traditional knowledge Redundancy Equality …to implement participatory processes, empowerment livelihoods, consult seed varieties, find out prices …to access information on loans, credit programs at meso & macro levels …to receive remittances, access broader networks and expertise Ospina & Heeks (2011)

How do we apply the principles of these models? A practical example: ‘CC Adaptation, ICTs and Water’ Centre for Development Informatics

CC Adaptation, ICTs and Water Model VULNERABILITY CONTEXT WATER VULNERABILITY DIMENSIONS ADAPTATION e-Resilience -Livelihoods & Finance CHRONIC TRENDS ACUTE SHOCKS -Socio-political Conditions Adaptive -Health Capacity -Human Habitats & Migrations Adaptive Actions -Food Security DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES -Water Supply -Water Demand -Water Availability -Water Management -Water Governance -Biodiversity & Ecosystem Services CLIMATE CHANGE Value Chain Use ICT Precursors ICT Inputs Enablers ICT Intermediates / Deliverables Strategy-Money -Data systems Implementation-Locations (e. g. -Legal -Labour -Institutional -Technology telecentres) -Human -Values and -ICTs (e. g. PC, -Technological Motivations mobile) -Leadership -Political support Constraints -Software -Drivers/Demand -Targets applications READINESS AVAILABILITY Adoption Sustainability Scalability UPTAKE IMPACT Ospina & Heeks (2012)

WORKING GROUPS Centre for Development Informatics

Reflecting on ICCD Frameworks For Each Framework: - One thing that is good about the framework - One way in which you might use the framework in your work - One thing you would suggest changing about the framework Centre for Development Informatics

Useful Links • NICCD Project Website: www. niccd. org • Online Network on ICTs, Climate Change & Development: http: //groups. google. co. uk/group/niccd • Blog: http: //niccd. wordpress. com/ • Sponsor: www. idrc. ca Centre for Development Informatics