ICT for Education An Overview Prepared by Wadi

ICT for Education An Overview Prepared by Wadi D. Haddad

Overview § § ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness

Dilemmas Qs abo ut V Realities § Analyze Educational objectives alu eo f IC § Determine Objective for ICT Ts Decision Maker Myths P s re su s re • Vendors Monolithic § Understand Potential of ICTs • Belief § Examine suitability of ICTs • Parents Automatic • Doubt § Plan program of investment • Business Computers • Wait prerequisites § Implement Substitute Techies and • corequisites § Evaluate and adjust continuously

Necessity of ICTs • Globalization of • Economy • Information • Tech Innovations • Knowledge-based • Economy • Society • Escalating Demand for Education Effective Learning For All Anytime Anywhere

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Learning Objectives Learning Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Storage or display x x x Exploration x x x Application x x x x Analysis Evaluation x x Constructing or design of project x x

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Teaching Objectives Teaching Objective Technology Text Audio Video Computer Internet Presentation x x x Demonstration x x x Drill and practice x (e. g. , Language lab) x x x networked x x x Animation and simulation Research x Collaboration/ communication Management of student learning x x x

ICTs for What Purpose ICTs and the School Technologies on Location Technologies at a Distance Printed matter Correspondence Slides, transparencies Scanners Digital notepads and white boards Audiotapes Radio Films and videos TV broadcasts Digital books Web pages CDs Web: Internet, intranet Computer projection Webcast

Access Community Linkages Planning & Management Efficiency Potential Of ICTs Lifelong Learning Teaching Skill Formation

Potential: 1. Expanding Educational Opportunities • • • Radio Broadcast Interactive Radio Instruction Television Virtual Schools Virtual Universities

Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency Issues § Dual Shift Systems § Multigrade Schools § Small Urban or Rural Schools § Flexibility in Learning Schedule Solutions § § Broadcast Radio Interactive Radio Educational TV Virtual Online Courses

Potential: 3. Enhancing Quality of Learning Potential Solutions • • Radio and TV • Multimedia Learning Modules • Virtual Labs • Connecting to the Worlds • Designing and Creating Things Motivate and engage learners Bring life to concepts and processes Foster inquiry Provide flexibility Allow application of information Provide access to world of information • Bring the world into the classroom • Offer collaborative opportunities and communication • Offer tutored and individualized learning

Potential: 4. Enhancing Quality of Teaching Issues • Difficult Profession • No One-Shot Training • Continuum § Initial Training § Lifelong Upgrading § Connecting Solutions • Multimedia Training and Support System • Training Videos • Teacher Development Portal • Internet Resources for Teachers

Potential: 5. Facilitating Skill Formation • New Workplace Realities • E-Training § Just-in-Time § Convenient Place § Up-to-Pate § User-centric Solutions § Simulations § Competency-based multi-media § Video and Interactive media § Workplace Training

Potential: 6. Sustaining Lifelong Learning Issues Solutions § Workers need to learn new skills § Modern societies demand constant updating § The “educated” can become obsolete § Life-cycle pattern is changing § § § Radio and TV Multimedia Packages Online Courses Open Universities “Third Age” Universities

Potential: 7. Improving Policy Planning & Management • Management of Institutions and Systems – School: Admissions, student flow, personnel, staff development, facilities… – System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS, communication, information, . . . • Management of Policy Making – Storage and analysis of data – Construction and assessment of policy scenarios – Tracer studies and tracking systems

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Growth in ICT Access Millions

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1, 000 inhabitants 140 120 100 Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants 80 PCs/100 inhabitants 60 40 20 0 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Internet hosts and users per 10, 000 inhabitants 6000 5000 Internet Hosts/10, 000 inhabitants Internet Users/10, 000 inhabitants 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Africa America w/o US & Canada US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD

Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages • • ICT access varies within countries Disparities is magnified by gender factor ICT access contributes to escape from poverty ICT access for all requires attention to – Infrastructure – Cost – Laws and regulations

Radio Stations and Receivers Suitcase Radio Station Crank/Solar Radio Crank Radio Digital Satellite Radio

Telecenters

Women-Friendly Telecenters • • • Within accepted culture; fosters harmony Women do not have to travel far Center meets needs of men and women No childcare problem Space is roomy and provides privacy Staff is well integrated

Potential Prerequisites Corequisites Effectiveness

From Potential to Effectiveness 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Educational Policy Approach to ICTs Infrastructure ICT-Enhanced Content Committed and Trained Personnel Financial Resources Integration Piloting and Evaluation

Conclusion X • To Tech or not to Tech Education • ICT ――►Education More Effective and Responsive ICTs

“We do not think anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call. The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning. ”

The End

Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners LEARNING OBJECTIVE Constructing or design of Project Evaluation Levels of ICTs Analysis Application Exploration Storage or display Passive ACTIVE LEARNER’S ROLE

Levels of ICTs for Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers TEACHING OBJECTIVE Management of Student Learning Collaboration/Co mmunication Research Levels of ICTs Animation/ Simulation Drill & Practice Demonstration Presentation Provider Facilitator TEACHER’S ROLE Go Back

Infrastructure Wind Power Generator Solar Energy Pedal Power Generator Namibia Schoolnet Go Back

5. Costing and Budgeting Total Cost of Ownership § § § § § Acquisition - hardware and software Installation and configuration Connectivity Maintenance : 15 -20% of initial investment Supplies: 8 -10% Utilities: 4 -8% Computer training 5 -10% Retrofitting of physical facilities replacement costs (5 -7 years) Additional Costs 31 -48% § Acquisition and creation of content materials § Orientation and training of staff § Testing, evaluation and adjustment Go Back