ICRAT 2004 Airport Surface Operations Analysis Tarja Kettunen

ICRAT 2004 Airport Surface Operations Analysis Tarja Kettunen ISA Software International Conference on Research in Air Transportation Zilina, Slovakia, 22 -24 November, 2004

ICRAT 2004 Contents • Introduction • Objectives • Data • Results – Overall results for all airports – ATL case study – Impact of a new runway • Conclusion and future work

ICRAT 2004 Introduction • Airport capacity – Infrastructure – Weather – Environmental constraints • Operations at hub airports • Gate-to-Gate ATM

ICRAT 2004 Objectives • To complement FAA’s Airport Capacity Benchmark Analysis • To provide parameters for modelling purposes – Generic and airline-specific operating time distributions for each airport – Predictability in 4 D trajectory modelling • Not to compare and criticize airports based on their performance

ICRAT 2004 Data • US DOT Tran. Stats database, Airline ontime performance data – Data reported by all airlines with >1% of domestic scheduled passenger revenues – Excluded are general aviation, international, military, cargo and non-scheduled flights • September 2000 data for TOP 31 airports, over 600 000 flights • Taxi-data definitions: – Taxi-out: from gate until wheels-off – Taxi-in: from wheels-on until at gate

ICRAT 2004 Overall results – Airport activity

ICRAT 2004 Overall results – Taxi-out times

ICRAT 2004 Overall results – Taxi-in times

ICRAT 2004 Overall results – Taxi time variation Taxi time data between 25 th and 75 th percentiles

ICRAT 2004 Detailed results – Atlanta case study Hourly distribution of traffic

ICRAT 2004 ATL – Hourly taxi times • Average taxi-out time 18. 6 minutes • Average taxi-in 9. 1 minutes

ICRAT 2004 ATL – Taxi time distribution Delta Airlines

ICRAT 2004 Impact of new runway on taxiing times • Target of the analysis: – Airport with new runway after Sept. 2000 – Airport with ground delays – Airport with identical traffic levels before and after the new runway Ø Phoenix Sky Harbor Int’l airport – Third runway in October 2000 – Ranked 15 th in US taxi-out delays – Traffic: Sept 47283 ops, Nov 46898 ops

ICRAT 2004 Impact of new runway on taxiing times Taxi-out times before and after Average taxi-in • Before 5. 7 min • After 5. 4 min Average taxi-out • Before 15. 7 min • After 14. 5 min

ICRAT 2004 Conclusion and future work • A few airports with distinctive surface operations performance • Today’s airport surface operations are somewhat unpredictable – Taxi-out is subject to very large variations – Taxi-in is less time consuming and much more predictable • Surface predictability needs to increase to support 4 D-contract based management Ø Weather

ICRAT 2004 -Thank you for your attention - Contact: Tarja Kettunen ISA Software tarja@isa-software. com www. isa-software. com