ICA CET Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education

ICA CET Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 1/31 CET

The Commission on Education and Training (CET) of the International Cartographic Association is the standing commission designated to help the improvement of cartographic education and training worldwide. In the last period (1999– 2003) one of the most important projects of the commission was to organize the Internet Cartography Teaching Program on the basis of the Basic Cartography. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 2/31 CET

The prime objective of ICA Commission on Education and Training (CET) in the last period (1999– 2003) was the “Internet Cartography Teaching Program”. The commission was chaired by Vladimir Tikunov (Russia) in this period. When the initiators of this project agreed on the principles they had taken into account the following possibilities: • Organization of Internet Cartography Teaching Program on the base of the Basic Cartography (3 volumes and an exercise manual were published in the beginning of 90’s); • Involving different ICA commissions for preparing chapters of electronic program; • Adding some chapters on national cartographic schools; • Possibility for translating the Program into different languages (this would give the chance for the local ICA bodies to fine tune certain modules on national level if necessary); • Dialogue rolling in the electronic medium (distance learning, web materials). Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 3/31 CET

The level of courses Factors of decision making: • the aim of cartographic courses is different in different countries and universities; • in some countries there are no independent courses for cartography at university or high school level (for smaller countries the alternatives are less specialized); • some of the courses are too specialized for some cartographers (focus on GIS, geodesy, map history, map publishing, infographics); • naturally, the computer based cartographic courses can be the skeleton of the whole project, but the courses must be as software independent as possible. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 4/31 CET

Because of these factors we suggested the preparation of the courses at B. Sc. level. This level is most common in several countries. The following benefits can make the project successful: • in some countries this project can be the only opportunity for teaching; • it can be used as a supplement to existing courses; • it can contribute to upgrading similar existing courses; • it may provide a standard for comparison with existing courses. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 5/31 CET

List of topics (1999 -2003) • Maps and cartography: principles in cartography, basic terms • Cartographic representation • Map projections • Generalisation • Map use • Topographic mapping • Atlases • Statistical map design • Colour use • Toponymy • Reproduction techniques • Cartography and GIS • Databases • Digital mapping • Graphic formats and conversion • Internet mapping • Legal aspects and copyright Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 6/31 CET

Revised list of topics, curriculum (2003 -) Maps and Cartography Nature of Cartographic Representation Topographic Mapping I Digital Mapping I Map Projections I Generalisation I Introduction to GIS Data Capture Statistical Map Design Map Use Atlases Toponymy Generalisation III Internet Mapping Cartography and GIS Mapping Project Map Projections II Generalisation II Topographic Mapping II Colour Use Reproduction Processes Databases Legal Aspects and Copyright Thematic Mapping (methods) Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 7/31 CET

Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 8/31 CET

• Most of the modules would require continuous update; therefore, asking experts to be responsible for a certain module would be a logical organization. The difficulty of this job is to think at international level and not to fit the module unconditionally to an existing cartographic course word by word. • Naturally, this project was planned as a continuous task. However, the main problem was that it was impossible to realize our plans. The recruitment of new CET members and the re-activation of previous members were less successful in this period. Even producing one certain module would require the co-operation of several experts, but because of the lack of intention for participation in the project none of the modules be may regarded completed. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 9/31 CET

Sample modules 1. The first sample module was created at Dept. of Cartography, Eötvös University, Budapest (Projections) and the first version was ready for inner discussion in July 2000. 2. Budapest has developed another sample module in the last CET period (Graphic file formats and conversion). 3. The third module (Methods of cartographic representation) was developed by the Integrated Mapping Laboratory, Geographical Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. 4. A template was developed by Barend Köbben (ICA, Netherlands) in 2002 to methodically and graphically finetune the project. This suggestion can be a base of the next modules if the commission agrees on this structure. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 10/31 CET

All three modules were treated as samples by the authors and now I summarize the experiences We assumed the following requirements: • participants are in possession of basic computer knowledge; • participants must have access to the Internet several hours per week; • access to the computer facilities of a department (software, printer, scanner); • a traditional library - to provide some basic literature and allow the participants to access additional books and papers; • the authors have to refer to literature in the course which can be accessed through the web. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 11/31 CET

Experiences 1 • Always remember the final goal, the B. Sc. level – I assume every expert of a certain topic is keen on adding more information about the subject; • design the course as a normal university course; • it is very good if the author of the module is familiar with the available presentation methods and techniques of the web environment; • split the course into logical chapters (units), which require about the same length of time to acquire – this can help the students to plan their study; • always test the course with the potential users, ask for feedback (use a questionnaire if necessary or simply discuss the experiences personally); • give hints for students who are interested in specific fields (literature or web links can be enough in most cases); • use graphics as many times as it is necessary – take into consideration the characteristics of the media: the graphics must be specially designed for the screen representation, which requires efficient filtering of the content; Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 12/31 CET

Experiences 2 • always take into consideration the technical potentials in less developed countries: the Internet connection can be very slow, so the size of image files must be optimized, which requires a good knowledge of raster images; • we do not suggest using the newest web techniques, because the computers in less developed countries can be out-of-date, and these computers are not able to use the newest versions of the web browsers; • using vector based web techniques (Flash or other file formats, like SVG) should be carefully tested or it is probably better not to use these kind of features, because they are not supported by the browsers directly (plug-in is required); • if we let the whole course material download for off-line use, we should use simple techniques, which perfectly work even in off-line environment; • the basic units of the module (separate HTML files) should be short; • long (and wide) pages require extended use of scrolling bars which can be troublesome for most users; the suggested resolution is 1024*768 pixels. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 13/31 CET

Screenshots: Projections module Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 14/31 CET

Screenshots: Projections module Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 15/31 CET

Screenshots: Graphic file formats … Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 16/31 CET

Screenshots: Graphic file formats … Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 17/31 CET

Screenshots: Cartographic representation Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 18/31 CET

Screenshots: Cartographic representation Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 19/31 CET

Screenshots: Template design Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 20/31 CET

CET Terms of reference - 2003 -2007 • To work for the general aims conceived in the ICA Statutes. • To produce an ICA-sponsored Internet cartography teaching programme (modules), with regional workshops for training the teachers. • To produce an ICA-sponsored Internet programme for continuing education, with regional workshops for teacher training. • To support cartography and cartographic education in developing nations by holding seminars in developing nations. • To promote integration by establishing linkage with the committees on education of sister surveying and mapping disciplines, by producing a list of institutions providing cartography course programmes, and interact as much as possible with other ICA commissions and working groups (organize joint meetings). • To produce appropriate publications for dissemination of results of the above efforts and publish it in proceedings or on the CET website according to the IOF publication policy. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 21/31 CET

The actual membership - 2003 -2007 Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 22/31 CET

Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 23/31 CET

Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 24/31 CET

The new design Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 25/31 CET

The sample Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 26/31 CET

Difficulties of the project 1 • This is a voluntary work. How can we recruit authors? Why is it beneficial for the authors? • The author can’t necessarily manage the conversion into the proper format. The conversion (the visualisation) requires special skills. How can we manage it without having a suitable budget for this? • What about the quality assurance? • We don’t have enough active members in the CET to help this project, • We have are experts for certain fields, but they are too busy to take part. Young authors may ready to participate, but they don’t have enough practice. I personally plan to write a module, but I had no chance to realize it because of my duties on my workplace. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 27/31 CET

Difficulties of the project 2 • Unfortunately it is more common to have inactive members in the commissions (they have to work without real national support). • Commission chairs have no financial power to support these projects. • We have other important projects (database of undergraduate cartography courses, joint meetings with other commissions and sister societies) and the few active members can’t manage all of them simultaneously. Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 28/31 CET

Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 29/31 CET

Can we manage the Internet Cartography Teaching courses project successfully? • Yes, because we are more determined than ever. • No, because we don’t have enough manpower and financial support. Do you want to join? Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 30/31 CET

Thank you for your attention László Zentai Chairman of ICA CET laszlo. zentai@elte. hu http: //lazarus. elte. hu/cet Internet Cartography Teaching courses Cartographic Education and Training László Zentai (Hungary), ICA CET Vilnius, 29 June 2004 31/31 CET