IBM Research March 2007 doc IEEE 802 15

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Project: IEEE P 802. 15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Summary of link experiments and MSK-based preliminary proposal for Multi-GB/s communications at 60 GHz] Date Submitted: [13 March, 2007] Source: [Troy Beukema, Brian Floyd, Brian Gaucher, Yasunao Katayama, Scott Reynolds, Alberto Valdes-Garcia] Company [IBM Research] Address [1101 Kitchawan Rd. Rte. 134, MS: 30 -116] Voice: [+914 -945 -2598], E-Mail: [avaldes@us. ibm. com] Re: [Request of contributions for the 802. 15. 3 c subgroup Abstract: [Results for 60 GHz Gb/s link experiments using OFDM-QPSK, DQPSK and QFSK are summarized. An MSK-based system is proposed for usage model 5, link budget analysis and TX measurement results are included]. Purpose: [For discussion only] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P 802. 15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P 802. 15. Submission Slide 1 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Outline § 60 GHz link experiments at IBM Research – OFDM-QPSK – DQPSK – QFSK § MSK-based proposal introduction – Concept and implementation – Application to usage model 5 – 60 GHZ MSK TX measurement results § Summary Submission Slide 2 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 60 -GHz QPSK-OFDM Link Experiment at 630 Mbps 60 GHz Tx Module 60 GHz Rx Module PC A/D ARB 7 d. Bi pk. gain 630 Mbps QPSK-OFDM 10 m separation Receiver 10 m Transmitter Received constellation § Rx/Tx modules used with 700 Ms/s ADC & software radio. § QPSK-OFDM modulation (. 11 a). § ≤ 10% packet-error rate* reached at 630 Mbps, 10 m sensitivity. § Link budget corroborated. Ø Sensitivity = -68 d. Bm at 630 M. Ø Range at 1 Gbps = 8 m *802. 11 a standard convention. Submission Slide 3 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Link Budget for QPSK-OFDM 100 10 Mb/s, 75 m Range (m) 100 Mb/s, 25 m 630 Mb/s, 10 m 10 1 Gb/s, 8 m 1 Gb/s, 4 m Range, 7 d. Bi, 6 d. B down Measured Range 1 10 M 100 M Parameter Value TX power at antenna 9. 5 -2 = +7. 5 d. Bm Rx/Tx antenna gain +7 d. Bi EIRP +14. 5 d. Bm Path-loss exponent 2 Rx NF at antenna 6. 5+2 = 8. 5 d. B Modulation OFDM-QPSK Spectral efficiency 1. 1 bps/Hz Es/No 10 d. B Rx impl. loss 1 d. B Pwr at 1 m -53. 5 d. Bm Sens. @ 630 Mbps -73. 5 d. Bm Margin 20 d. B Range @ 630 Mbps 10^(20/20) = 10 m Range with 6 d. B margin 10^(14/20) = 5 m 1 G Data Rate (bps) Submission Slide 4 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080 i) at 2 Gb/s, DQPSK § Joint experiment with Sanyo to implement 60 -GHz wireless HDMI (2 Gb/s) link. HD Camera (1080 i HD-SDI) Blue. Eagle IOM Xilinx FPGA: Encoder DQPSK Modulator § Implemented link with 60 -G Rx/Tx boards, external ADC, and FPGA boards. Blue. Eagle IOM Xilinx FPGA: Video Recovery § Sanyo provided modulator and demodulator for FPGA. Neptune ADC Board: 6 bit, 2 GS/s ADCs Xilinx FPGA: Demodulator § IBM provided 60 G radios, error correction, and video retrieval code. 60 GHz Transmitter 60 GHz Receiver 1 -3 meters Submission Slide 5 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 60 GHz FM wireless link system § QFSK can be generated by the FPGA, driving the I/Q baseband inputs of the Tx IC § QFSK can be detected by a conventional FM detector in the Rx IC § The detected data signal can drive the FPGA directly, no ADC or digital demodulator is required. Submission Slide 6 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080 i) at 2 Gb/s, QFSK w/ FM Detection § Same video encoding and Xilinx FPGA as QPSK system. HD Camera (1080 i HD-SDI) Blue. Eagle IOM Xilinx FPGA: Encoder QFSK Modulator § QFSK generated from FPGA code. § FM discriminator output is amplified by the Rx IC baseband VGA, which drives the rocket I/O on the FPGA directly. Blue. Eagle IOM Xilinx FPGA: Video Recovery § An MSK link would be similar, while giving improved spectral efficiency, a constant envelope signal, and cleaner received eye diagram. No ADC 1 -3 m 60 GHz Transmitter Submission 60 GHz Receiver Slide 7 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 Modulation QPSK-OFDM doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Summary of Link Experiments Rate & Distance Real Time? ADC Requirement Demodulator no 6 -b 700 MS/s software yes 6 -b 2 GS/s FPGA yes None (FM limiterdiscriminator) FPGA 630 Mb/s @ 10 m (ADC limited) DQPSK 2 Gb/s @ 1 -6 m QFSK 2 Gb/s @ 1 -3 m § All used +7 d. Bi gain planar folded dipole antenna on PCBs described earlier. § All used ≈ +10 d. Bm transmit power. § MSK link similar to QFSK; experiments are underway. Submission Slide 8 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 MSK System Overview § MSK attractive for high volume, low power, low cost “pointand-shoot” applications at multi-Gb/s § No ADC or high-speed digital baseband required, can make a low-power product today § We believe the standard should be defined to include both MSK and more complex modulation schemes § We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power, reduced complexity and quick time to market Submission Slide 9 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Mandatory 60 -GHz Usage Model 5: Wireless Kiosk 60 -GHz STB, Game Console Movie and Game Kiosk Mobile Storage Device, PDA Ref: IEEE Doc 15 -06 -0369 -09 -003 c § Rate ~ 1 -3 Gb/s burst data § Range ~ 1 m § MSK is an excellent choice for this mandatory usage model due to its bandwidth efficiency and ease of implementation § A power outlet operated receiver (kiosk, screen) can incorporate an equalizer for improved multi-path reception if required Submission Slide 10 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Link Budget Analysis § The physical layer characteristics correspond to the measured performance of our chipset. § Data range can be further extended with higher gain antennas currently under development. Submission Slide 11 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 60 -GHz Transceiver Chipset Supporting Multiple Modulations Receiver AM DET IF Amp LNA MUX RF In x 3 PFD CP ÷ 2 LPF DIV PA BBVGA MUX clk I / (AM Data) Q / (FM Data) SERIAL INTERFACE FM DISCR IF Amp Driver RF Out I LVL DET x 3 ÷ 2 MSK MOD FSK/MSK Data Q ck Transmitter Submission PFD Technology § 0. 13 -mm Si. Ge Bi. CMOS § 5 -layer metal § f. T 200 GHz § f. MAX 270 GHz CP LPF DIV Freq. Plan (GHz) § RF 59 -64 § IF 8. 4 -9. 1 § VCO 16. 8 -18. 3 SERIAL INTERFACE Slide 12 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Very Low Overhead to Support MSK Universal I/Q Interface for Coherent Modulation Universal I/Q Interface to ADC and Demodulator Rx IC Tx IC Demodulated Serial Data to MSK / FSK Modulator MSK modulator is 100µm x 100µm = 0. 01 mm 2 Demodulator is 100µm x 200µm = 0. 02 mm 2 § Current transceiver implementation supports both an universal I/Q interface to support a variety of modulations as well as FSK/MSK modulation/demodulation capabilities. § From a radio perspective, the overhead to support MSK is negligible Submission Slide 13 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 Measurement results for 60 GHz MSK transmitter § A transmitter with integrated MSK modulator has been tested. § 60 GHz 1 Gb/s MSK modulated spectrum is down-converted with an external mixer for measurement with an spectrum analyzer. § At 1 d. B compression point the side lobe rejection degrades by only about 1 d. B. §MSK link measurements will follow Submission Slide 14 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation

IBM Research March 2007 doc. : IEEE 802. 15 -07/647 r 0 MSK Summary § An MSK-based system for multi-GB/s comm. at 60 GHz presents significant advantages (i. e. lower complexity and power consumption) in a directional channel § FM / FSK detector has been characterized in a 2 -Gb/s 60 -GHz video link § Integrated MSK Transmitter has been demonstrated § Full TX and RX with MSK mod / demod have been fabricated, characterization for a high data rate link will follow § We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power and complexity, especially for usage model 5 Submission Slide 15 Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research © 2006 IBM Corporation