IBM Power Systems Agenda Key Session Number Web

IBM Power Systems™ Agenda Key: Session Number: Web Services and SOA for the RPG Developer on IBM i IBM Integrated Web services for i Dan Hiebert IBM dhiebert@us. ibm. com

IBM Power Systems Agenda • • • Introduction to SOA & Web Services Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic. Deploying/Testing RPG Web Services. Consumption of Web Services. Presentation Layer of Web Services. © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Introduction SOA & Web Services on IBM i Introduction to SOA

IBM Power Systems Web Services Made Easy An IBM i Project © 2008 IBM

IBM Power Systems Web Services Made Easy – An IBM i Project • IBM Integrated Web Services for i – “An Easy Step to starting with SOA on System i” • • Simplify the process of externalizing RPG/COBOL business logic as a service. Externalize various RPG/COBOL business tasks as services. Abstracts the hidden complexities of Web services for IBM i. Provide RPG/COBOL Developer easy to use Web interface, not requiring additional tools or skills http: //www. ibm. com/systems/i/software/iws/ © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems IBM Integrated Web services server for i • • Merged the Development Process and Deployment Server 2 Steps to Create a Web services server on IBM i 7 Steps to Deploy an RPG/COBOL Service Built on IBM Integrated Web Application Server for I – Note: 2 Methods returned for every procedure or program • XML - Automated Data (Including Data Structures) • Standard Serialized objects. • Embedded Axis 2 Engine into IBM i (5722 SS 1) © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Introduction to Web services and SOA © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems What is …. . ? … a service? … service oriented architecture (SOA)? A repeatable business task – e. g. , check customer credit; open new account An IT architectural style that supports integrating your business as linked services "SOA impacts every aspect of IT and business. ” © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Service Definition (from the Wikipedia. com) “A 'Web service' (also Web Service) is defined by the W 3 C as "a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network"[1]. Web services are frequently just Web APIs that can be accessed over a network, such as the Internet, and executed on a remote system hosting the requested services. ” © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems What Are They? • Web services – – – Applications that are invoked over the Web An implementation of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Contain only business logic, do not have a user interface Self-contained Self-describing © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Requirements Addressed By Web Services • Interoperability – need a common communication protocol – Between systems – Between languages • Interface Description Language – Describe the service’s interface – Clear and unambiguous – Platform independent • Retrieval of Service – Search and retrieve available services – Conventient integration at design time and runtime • Security – Protection of services – Protection of data sent to/from services © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Types of Web Services • Business Information: access to a database or rapidly changing contents – – Stock quotes Currency conversion rates Address book Geographical data • Business Integration: implementing a function or outsourcing a business process – – – Reservations system Credit check Payment system Loan service Product catalog © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Overview Definition: Self-Contained with well-defined interfaces that provide functionality that is accessible over the Internet/Intranet Key Technologies: XML, WSDL, SOAP, UDDI © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Service Participants • Provider: implements a Web service • Requestor: has a business need • Broker: lists all available services Broker 2 1 publish find 3 bind/invoke Requestor Provider © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Technology Stack Discovery UDDI, WSIL Description WSDL XML Messaging

IBM Power Systems What is …. . ? … a service? … service oriented architecture (SOA)? A repeatable business task – e. g. , check customer credit; open new account An IT architectural style that supports integrating your business as linked services "SOA impacts every aspect of IT and business. ” © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems SOA Is Like Musical Notes… Each musical notes represents a business service Checking Credit Checking Inventory Opening Account Tracking Shipment Placing an Order SOA allows for flexible composition of music © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web services are a good start… Turn this … …into this (web services). Service Service = Interface ü Rich business abstractions describe the application interface = Application = Interface = Service ü Decouples the ü The number ü Business interfaces and complexity applications and from the of their interfaces business interfaces is become applications reduced reusable © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Resources • Integrated Web Services for IBM i – http: //www. ibm. com/systems/i/software/iws/ • IBM Technical Information and Example – http: //www. ibm. com/developerworks/ • Web. Sphere Enterprise Service Bus – http: //www-306. ibm. com/software/integration/wsesb/ • Web. Sphere Process Server – http: //www-306. ibm. com/software/integration/wps/ © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems™ Agenda Key: Session Number: Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic Web Services and SOA for the RPG Developer on IBM i Dan Hiebert IBM dhiebert@us. ibm. com

IBM Power Systems Agenda • Introduction to SOA & Web Services • Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic. – Lab Time • Consumption of Web Services. – Lab Time • Deploying/Testing RPG Web Services. – Lab Time • Presentation Layer of Web Services. – Lab Time © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic • ILE RPG Best Programming Practices • RPG Style Web Service – – – Encapsulated Reusable Stateless Event driven Loosely coupled • RPG Traditional vs Modular - Example © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG Developer – Misconceptions • The RPG language is outdated and does not work with the Web Services paradigm. • I need to modernize my “Monolithic” application. • I have to re-write my entire application to code for RPG Web Services. © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG Best Practices – Quick Reference • Use Free Form • Utilize ILE Techniques – – • • • Procedures Binding Directories Service Programs Exports – Hints & Tips Centralize Declarations Expand Naming Conventions Write Indicatorless Code Use Structured Programming Techniques Use Comments Avoid Obsolescence © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems What is a Service? • Function – Get information – Perform

IBM Power Systems Implementing Encapsulation Procedure • Typed parameters – Input only • Value • Const – Both input and output – Return value Subroutine • Global variables – All can be modified • Global variables – Accessible outside procedure – Side effects • Local variables – Only accessible in procedure – No side effects © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Reusability • Design from business perspective – What is the business function provided – Not based on implementation • Design for future enhancements – Based on what business function should do – Not based on current limits • Input checking – Do not trust interface user – Provide meaningful error messages © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Stateless • State is kept by service user – Data necessary for request is provided – Response must contain appropriate data for follow-on requests • Service may be called by many different users – Ensure no data carryover • Pragmatism – If service will be heavily used with persistent connection: • Caching of state my improve performance • Request data overrules use of cached data • Caution: On RPG Record access to DB – Do not necessarily expect maintained, especially with “ 1 to M” users. © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Event Driven • Service does not assume any particular order – Requests drive service – Allows new uses for service – Problems if data is locked between requests • Service processes request – – Validity checks Perform operations Sends response Frees resources © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Loosely Coupled • Positive – – Increased flexibility More responsive to business changes More responsive to technology changes Code maintenance • Negative – More computationally expensive – Higher latency – More parts © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Properties Comparison Review – Service • Encapsulated – Access through interface • Reusable – Write once – use everywhere • Stateless – Information not retained • Event driven – No required order • Loosely coupled – Callable from anywhere Traditional • Global data – Access directly • Reuse by copy – Maintain everywhere • Stateful – Information retained in job • Application driven – Fixed order • Tightly coupled – Tied to application © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG – Traditional vs. Modular Example A Simple Rewrite example for

IBM Power Systems Traditional RPG Program. © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG Modular Business Logic © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems™ Agenda Key: Session Number: Deploy RPG Web Service Business Logic Web Services and SOA for the RPG Developer on IBM i Dan Hiebert IBM dhiebert@us. ibm. com

IBM Power Systems Agenda • Introduction to SOA & Web Services • Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic. – Lab Time • Deploying/Testing RPG Web Services. – Lab Time • Consumption of Web Services. – Lab Time • Presentation Layer of Web Services. – Lab Time © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Deploy RPG Web Service Business Logic • • • Introducing – IBM Web Services Server on i Recent Enhancements Embedding WS information in Program/Service Program Demo – WS-Server (that easy) Deep Dive & Scripts © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Introducing - IBM Integrated Web Services Server on i Key Features of IBM I Web Services server • Integrated into IBM i • WS-Basic Profile – Compliant • Developed for RPG/COBOL • Open Source Technology • Removes Complexities of Web Services for IBM i Developer • Easy to Use - Web Admin Interface • IBM i Web Services Test Client • Externalizes IBM i Program Objects • Tracing – WS-Message & Program Objects • Scripting Support © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems NEW Improvements for YOU! – October/08 © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Embedding Web services information with RPG on IBM i © 2008

IBM Power Systems Example: RPG Find Customer © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems V 5 R 4 - Enablement © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Binding RPG Business Logic to Program/Service Program • Service Info embedded with RPG or COBOL program objects (PCML) – For V 6 R 1 need to recompile specifying: CRTRPGMOD PGMINFO(*PCML *MODULE) CRTCBLMOD PGMINFO(*PCML *MODULE) – For V 5 R 4 – recompile specifying following option in the source: • For RPG H PGMINFO(*PCML: *MODULE) • For COBOL PROCESS OPTIONS PGMINFO(PCML MODULE) • Service Information can alternatively be generated in IFS • Restrictions: – Program objects must be ‘Stateless’ – Further Information - http: //www. ibm. com/systems/i/software/iws/ © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Externalizing Web services with RPG on IBM i (Demo) - Simplification

IBM Power Systems Web Admin: Install Web Service Access Web Admin http: //hostname: 2001/HTTPAdmin

IBM Power Systems IWS – Deep Dive © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Deep Dive - IBM i integrated Web services server • IBM i integrated Web services server – Based on Apache AXIS 2 version 1. 3 - runtime – A set of native service programs and java tools that enable you to build Web service applications from existing ILE RPG/COOBL Programs dynamically generating WSDL and Java Artifacts. – Supported on V 5 R 4, V 6 R 1 • IBM i integrated Web services server has the following capabilities: – Support for Web Services Description Language (WSDL 1. 1, supports WSDL 1. 2 but right now we are not advertising the fact ) - document literal only – SOAP 1. 1 (Enabled) SOAP 1. 2 (Disabled) REST (Disabled) – Supports Web Services Invocation (WSI) 1. 0 basic profile compliance – Support for Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) – Java API for XML-based remote procedure call (JAX-RPC) style implementation – Support IBM i non-Java languages; RPG, COBOL, [C, C++] © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems IBM i Web Services Script Support IBM Integrated Web Services Server – Scripts • • • GUI avoidance – QSHELL environment Automate create/deploy Deployable applications (ISV’s) Example: – Create 20 servers – use scripts – Automate RPG/COBOL deployments • Create/Delete Servers © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Server Packaging • IBM i integrated Web services server - Server Image – /QIBM/Prod. Data/OS/Web. Services/V 1/server • Scripts reside in the. . /bin directory – – – – – install. Web. Service. sh list. Web. Services. sh start. Web. Services. sh stop. Web. Services. sh uninstall. Web. Services. sh create. Web. Services. Server. sh delete. Web. Services. Server. sh start. Web. Services. Server. sh stop. Web. Services. Server. sh WS Server – Axis 2 1. 3 – Engine Runtime • /QIBM/Prod. Data/OS/OSGi/LWI 71/runtime/webservicesmax/eclipse/plugins/org. apache. axis 2 • User Web services server – /www/wservice[*] unless user used script • 4 Jobs Run in QHTTPSVR subsystem – 1 HTTP and 3 Web Service jobs © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Instance Packaging • /www/WSERVICE/lwi/runtime/webservicesmax/eclipse/plugins/Web. Ser vices. Engine/WEB-INF/conf/axis 2. xml – <parameter name="disable. REST" locked="true">true</parameter> – <parameter name="disable. SOAP 12" locked="true">true</parameter> Examples – Above ws. apache. org for more values. • Directory - /www/WSERVICE – – – /conf – httpd. conf, i 5 OSStartup. properties /htdocs /logs - **Important ** Error information /lwi/logs /webservices • Directory - /www/WSERVICE/webservices – /temp – /services ** Important ** all customer service artifacts here – /archive © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Service Deployment Location • Sample - /www/WSERVICE/webservices/Convert. Temp – ** Tracing ** Convert. Temp. config – info parms for services –. /META-INF/services. xml - customize • Generated Java • . . /iseries/wsbeans/converttemp • . . /iseries/programcall/base © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems IWS Server Restrictions • SOAP 1. 1 • WSDL 1. 1 • PCML (deployment of ILE-based Web services) – The deploying of ILE programs as Web services is dependent on a Program Call Markup Language (PCML) – The following data types are not supported by PCML: • • Date Timestamp Pointer Procedure Pointer 1 -Byte Integer 8 -byte Unsigned Integer – Return values and parameters passed by value can only be 4 byte integers. – Varying-length arrays, and data structures containing varying-length subfields are not supported. – More details regarding RPG and PCML can be found in the ILE RPG Reference. More details regarding COBOL and PCML can be found in the ILE COBOL reference. • Parameters – A procedure in an ILE service program (*SRVPGM) that is to be externalized as a Web service operation can have a maximum of 7 parameters. An ILE program (*PGM) can have a maximum of 32 parameters. – Note: The work around is to create a Data Structure as a parameter which is a single parameter. © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Security Discussion Security Concerns Messages are being sent over the intranet/internet – Are they Secure? Web Services – Security • HTTP • WS-Security Three Available Security Mechanism’s • HTTP - SSL encryption and authorization (Certificates) (Basic authorization) • WS-Security (No support on IBM Integrated Web services server for i) • IBM Datapower Appliances – (Pretty cool utility) © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems What is Coming Next – Future Directions? • Client Improvements – WSDL 2 RPG • Presentation Layer? (WS-Explorer Client only Customizable) – JSF or PHP or AJAX? • Enhance RESTful SOA on the Web services server? – Enable REST style services for Web Services server • Performance Improvements? – Impressive improvements • Serviceability – Utility to capture “SOAP/XML” communication for support? • Migration tool IBM i WS server to WAS Web Service? – Or to IBM i ; ) • WS-Security specification? © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems™ Agenda Key: Session Number: Consuming RPG Web Service Business Logic Web Services and SOA for the RPG Developer on IBM i Dan Hiebert IBM dhiebert@us. ibm. com

IBM Power Systems Agenda • Introduction to SOA & Web Services • Creating RPG Web Service Business Logic. – Lab Time • Deploying/Testing RPG Web Services. – Lab Time • Consumption of Web Services. – Lab Time • Presentation Layer of Web Services. – Lab Time © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG Consuming Web Service Business Logic IBM Integrated Web Services client • IWS Client / Process • WSDL • Stub Generation and Header Files • Building / Compiling RPG and C code • Review Process • Deep Dive © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Consuming Web services with RPG on IBM i The Unlimited Potential

IBM Power Systems Web Services – a client view Definition: Self-Contained with well-defined interfaces that provide functionality that is accessible over the Internet/Intranet RPG web service client RPG Find. Customers Key Technologies: XML, WSDL, SOAP, UDDI © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Integrated Web services client for IBM i • Natural for ILE RPG/COBOL Developer • 4 Step Static Development Process 1. 2. 3. 4. Use WSDL to generate Web service proxy code in C Build RPG stub code from C proxy code Compile/Bind RPG & Web service stub code Invoke RPG/COBOL Web service client http: //www. ibm. com/systems/i/software/iws/ © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Client for ILE • Overview – Based on Apache AXIS C++ Version 1. 5+ – Consists • Tools – Convert service’s WSDL to C/C++ APIs • SOAP client – ILE Service Program – Supported today • Packaged with 5733 -XT 1 • V 5 R 1, V 5 R 2, V 5 R 3, V 5 R 4 – Availability • 4 Q/07 – IBM i SS 1 Option 3 • V 5 R 4 and later • Supports – – C, C++, RPG, COBOL Web Services Description Language (WSDL) - document literal only Web Services Invocation (WSI) 1. 1 basic profile compliance Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Service Deployment Review © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Where to find my WSDL © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Find. Customers. WSDL © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Find. Customers. WSDL Find. Customers. wsdl © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Client for ILE Step 1: Stub Generation – Creating a Web Services Proxy • Developer generates stubs using: –Java tools (wsdl 2 ws. jar) –Qshell script - wsdl 2 ws. sh -lc STOCKQ. wsdl Web Service Provider WSDL passed into tool that generates C/C++ stubs © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Find. Customers. Port. Type. h © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems FINDCUSTOMERSInput. h © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems 1 2 3 © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems 4 5 © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems 6 7 8 9 10 © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems http: //www. ibm. com/systems/i/software/iws © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems RPG Call Find Customers Program © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Quick Review of Steps Process to Run RPG Web Service: 1. Stub Generation – Creating a Web Services Proxy (“intermediary” for ILE RPG, COBOL ) 2. Use Stubs to build RPG prototypes 3. Compile/Bind and Invocation 4. Run Program • Prerequisites – – – C++ Compiler (Compiler - ILE C++, licensed program product ID 5722 WDS, option 52) Java (IBM Developer Kit for Java, JDK 1. 4, licensed program product ID 5722 JV 1, option 6)= C Compiler (Compiler - ILE C, licensed program product ID 5722 WDS, option 51) • Only needed if generating C stubs © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Web Services Client for ILE Step 2: Compile/Bind and Invocation • Create the application that uses the stubs to invoke the Web service Client Application Call/Return C/C++ stubs (service, method) Call/Return SOAP Request Axis Client SOAP Response Server © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems IBM Web Services Client – Deep Dive - Configuration © 2008

IBM Power Systems IBM i integrated Web services client • IBM i integrated Web services client – Based on Apache AXIS C++ Version 1. 5 – A set of native service programs and java tools that enable you to build Web service client applications from existing Web Service Description Language (WSDL) files by generating C/C++ stubs – Supported on V 5 R 4, V 6 R 1 • IBM i integrated Web services client has the following capabilities: – – – Support for Web Services Description Language (WSDL) - document literal only Supports Web Services Invocation (WSI) 1. 0 basic profile compliance Support for Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Java API for XML-based remote procedure call (JAX-RPC) style implementation Support IBM i non-Java languages; C, C++, RPG, COBOL © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems IWS – client - packaging • Product install directory is /QIBM/Prod. Data/OS/Web. Services/V 1/client – – – – bin/ contains wsdl 2 ws. sh tool to generate stubs (calls wsdl 2 ws. jar) docs/ contain PDF document and API docs etc/ contains empty configuration file axiscpp. conf include/ contains header files lib/ contains service program symbolic links prereqs/ contains jar files needed by wsdl 2 ws tool samples/ contains sample code WSDL 2 Ws/ contains wsdl 2 ws. jar that generates stubs • Product install library is QSYSDIR – – – QAXIS 10 C. SRVPGM => SOAP Engine QAXIS 10 HC. SRVPGM => HTTP Channel QAXIS 10 HCS. SRVPGM => HTTP Channel SSL QAXIS 10 HT. SRVPGM => HTTP Transport QAXIS 10 X. SRVPGM => XML Parser © 2008 IBM Corporation

IBM Power Systems Questions? © 2008 IBM Corporation

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