I Spy in the American Revolution National Society

“I Spy” in the American Revolution National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution Education Department

What makes a good spy? n n n Appearances Professions Personal qualities Would you sign up?

Washington’s Opinion on Espionage "There is nothing more necessary than good intelligence to frustrate a designing enemy, & nothing that requires greater pains to obtain. ” George Washington to Robert Hunter Morris, 5 January 1766

Spying Techniques n Types of information, methods, and advancements

Revolutionary War Spy Profiles n British and American spies n Diverse backgrounds and specialties n Increasing levels of complexity over time

Nathan Hale

The Paul Revere Gang

The Culper Ring

The Culper Ring in Action

The Saratoga Campaign of 1777 The Surrender of General Burgoyne by John T

The Road to Saratoga

July 17, 1777 – Howe to Burgoyne “be assured I shall soon be after [Washington] to relieve you”

August 10, 1777 - Clinton to Burgoyne The Clements Library

Ann Bates

Benedict Arnold Major John André

James Armistead Lafayette Marquis de Lafayette

“I Spy” in the American Revolution n Follow up Questions n Further Research Paths

Cipher Wheel Activity n Choose outside letter q n Inner “A” = Outer “H” First letter in message is “H” for key alignment Original message’s letters found on outer ring New encoded message found on inner ring q “SPYING” (outer) becomes “H LIRBGZ” (inner) q This diagram is not the same cipher wheel that the group members have, so their encoded letters will be slightly different.