I Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro Istituto Nazionale di

I Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Diego Bettoni INFN, LNL, Italy La Fisica Nucleare incontra la Chimica dei Radiofarmaci a Legnaro LNL 13 Aprile 2018

Mission: • Nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics: – nuclear spectroscopy – reaction dynamics Advanced technologies for applications to nuclear physics and other fields • Technology transfer Strengths: • Development of accelerators (e. g. RFQ) • Radiation detectors • Surface technology Personnel: • 138 staff • 700 users (50 % from Italy) • Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 2

LNL - Accelerators CN (1961) TANDEM (1981) AN 2000 (1971) ALPI (1995) PIAVE (2005) Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro Ciclotrone SPES (2016) 3

LNL – Experimental Apparatuses PRISMA EXOTIC GALILEO LIRAS GARFIELD Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 4

Summary of Activities • Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Spectroscopy and Reaction Dynamics with the current accelerators – Nuclear Physics with RIBs: SPES • Applied Research – Surface technology – Radiobiology and Dosimetry – Radioisotopes for Nuclear Medicine: LARAMED, ISOLPHARM • Accelerator Technology – IFMIF (RFQ) – ESS (DTL) – MUNES (RFQ) • Interdisciplinary Research Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 5

The SPES Project

SPES Ø Second generation ISOL facility integrated in the European road-map for Nuclear Physics (EURISOL DS) 1_ Production of exotic beams (Mainly Neutron–rich ions from p-induced Fission on UCx ) 2_ Re-acceleration of exotic beams with the ALPI linac 3_ Production of Radioisotopes for Nuclear Medicine Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 7

RIB Production I In Flight Separation A primary ion beam of several tens of Me. V per nucleon is fragmented in a primary target, producing particles that following electromagnetic selection, are directly used for experiments. Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 8

RIB Production II ISOL Isotope Separation On Line Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 9

SPES Physics LOIs 2016 TOPICS 9% 8% 4% Transfer 21% 13% 17% 15% COULEX Fusion/Fission Astrophysics Decay Studies 47 LOIs submitted to SAC 15% with non re-accelerated RIBs 21% with 132 Sn Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 10

the Cyclotron protons 30 – 70 Me. V 750 μA 52 k. W Dual Beam Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 11

Physics Domain with RIB Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics To day today Second generation SPES today Diego Bettoni Second generation Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 1013 fiss/s 12

EURISOL Distributed Facility SPES INFN SPIRAL 2 GANIL ISOL@ MYRRHA SCK-CEN ISOLDE CERN DF JY … FL ALTO IN 2 P 3 COPIN A distribute laboratory for radioactive beams: • More exotic beams available • Coordination of competences to face EURISOL technologic challenges • Joint effort to manage the activity at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. European level 13 • Diego Bettoni

ISOL Facilities Laboratory New RIB projects Beam to experiment notes LNL SPES 2020 (no reacc) 2022 (reacc 10 A Me. V) Second generation ISOL_UCx CERN HIE_ISOLDE 2017 (reacc 5 A Me. V) 2021 (High Intensity) Second generation ISOL_UCx TRIUMF ARIEL 2020 (no reacc) Second generation ISOL_UCx GANIL SPIRAL 2 2023 High intensity Fusion. Evaporation India ANURIB, VECC (2025) ISOL design study China BRIF (CIAE) (2014 cyclotron commissioned) ISOL under construction Corea RISP 2022 In-flight & ISOL_UCx GSI FAIR 2025 In-flight Michigan FRIB 2022 -24 In-flight Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 14

Radiofarmaci

Radiopharmaceuticals are medicines that deliver a predefined amount of radiation to a target tissue for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. They are made of a radioactive core and a carrier system, which allows the deposition of radiation on the malignant cell population avoiding damage to healthy tissues Therapeutic agents Diagnostic agents Theranostic agents Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 16

Production Methods Radionucleotides from traditional methods: • High neutron/proton fluxes required • Irradiation of targets of the same element • Direct reaction methods -> A(p, x) or A(n, x)… • Target with large activation levels • Chemical separation required With ISOL technique: • Radionuclides can be easily produced as carrier-free isotopes (Mass Separation) • No nuclear reactor required for several beta-radionuclides Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 17

SPES-γ Radioisotopes for Nuclear Medicine Research RIFAC RILAB • Cross Section measurements through target activation • High power targets tests • Radio-isotope/radiopharmaceutical Production test facility (99 m. Tc, 64 Cu, 67 Cu, 82 Sr, . . . ) Diego Bettoni Production facility operated by INFN and private partner for research and production of radioisotopes (64 Cu, 67 Cu, 82 Sr, 68 Ge, . . . ) Double extraction cyclotron ISOL 1 Production ISOL 2 Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 18

Cyclotron Production of Medical Radionuclides b d p α Diego Bettoni A Z X A’ Z’ Y g p Radioisotope Mn-52 Cu-64 Cu-67 Half-life 5. 6 d 12. 7 h 2. 58 d Zn-63 Zr-89 I-124 Ac-225 38. 5 min 3. 3 d 4. 18 d 10 d np Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 19

INFN already funded/running projects Project name Accelerator-Tc-99 m alternative (direct) production route through hospital cyclotrons APOTEMA (2012 -2014) TECHNOSP (2015 -2017) Participation to “Coordinated Research IAEA CRP (code F 22062) Project ' (CRP) on“Alternative”, non (2011 -2015) HEU-based, Tc-99 m /Mo 99 supply” Alternative Cu-64/Cu-67 production for COME theranostic application (2016) Alternative Sc-47 production for theranostic application PASTA (2017 -2018) Participation to “Coordinated Research Project ' (CRP) on IAEA CRP (code F 22053) “Radiopharmaceuticals Labelled with (2016 -2019) New Emerging Radionuclides” Cu-67, Re-186, Sc-47” High Power Target concepts R&D (64/67 Cu) Diego Bettoni TERABIO comp. project (2016 -2019) Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 20

APOTEMA/TECHN-OSP Cyclotron-based 99 m. Tc production Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 21

COME exp. : CSN 3 funded (2016) Innovative route: 70 Zn(p, α)67 Cu reaction No experimental data are available for EP > 35 Me. V Co. Me project: 70 Zn(p, x)67 Cu, 64 Cu measurement Estimations based on Talys code Best energy range: 50 -70 Me. V Exp data are needed ! 5 Irradiation runs @ Arronax done during 2016 : data analysis in progress Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali 22 ! di Legnaro

PASTA Project: Production of 47 Sc @ LNL Overall proton-induced reactions for 47 Sc production (NNDC, 2016) The trend of these nuclear cross sections has to be confirmed. . Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 23

ISOLPHARM Use of ISOL technique for Direct isotope on-line separation: very high radionuclidic purity without chemical purification ISOLPHARM High specific activity r a d i o P H A R M a c e u t i c a l s production with I S O L technique HIGH RADIONUCLIDIC PURITY ISOL technique leads to the production of radioactive ion beams Diego Bettoni (Isolpharm is an international INFN patent) Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 24

Thank You Enjoy the Workshop Diego Bettoni Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro 25