I can explain how European partitioning after WWI

I can explain how European partitioning after WWI led to conflicts in the Middle East.

Activ • Look at the official seal or emblem of ator the Ottoman Empire • Pick 3 symbols that you notice • Explain what you think each symbol tells us about the empire

Ottoman origins • Turks from central Asia moved west • Took over lands controlled by byzantine and Persian empires • Converted to Islam as contact grew with Muslims • 1 st leader Osman I • Extended into Balkans

Ottoman Army • Soldiers called janissaries • Captured from Christian families • Forced to convert to Islam and trained in arts of warfare • Captured city of Constantinople which ended the Byzantine empire

Important Leaders & Accomplishments Mehmed II – • changed Constantinople to Istanbul • Converted Hagia Sophia (church) to mosque • Captured Syria, Jerusalem, Egypt, Algiers, Mecca and Medina

Ottoman Empire Under Suleiman • • Military expansion Built mosques, monuments Roads, bridges, schools Encouraged the arts and sciences Great literary works Advanced study of mathematics Spread Islam Surgery, medical advancements

Suleiman I – extended empire to • Southern Mediterranean Sea • Eastern Europe - Belgrade • Further into Balkans • Southern Russia • North Africa • Tried to capture Vienna – unsuccessful • Arts, science, math, medicine, libraries, schools

Government & Society • Run by Sultan • Upper-class families kept women separate into harems • Millets – non-Muslim communites (could elect own representatives – Non-Muslims – pay tax to follow own faith/customs – Limits on where they could live, clothing, and jobs

Ottoman & WWI • By start of WWI – TOE was weakening • Leaders could not keep large empire together • Ethnic groups wanted self-rule (not to be ruled by Sultan far away) • European powers grew stronger • TOE joined war w/Germany and Italy = LOST

EUROPE Vienna Ad tic * Se a * Belgrade Cauc asus M Black Sea Balkans * Constantinople n. S pia * ea ASIA MINOR * Athens Algiers ts Cas Rome ria Hungary Tunis Syria Mediterranean Sea Safavid Empire Damascus Tripoli Baghdad NORTH AFRICA Jerusalem Cairo n lf Gu OTTOMAN EMPIRE - 1566 Sea OTTOMAN EMPIRE - 1521 ia rs OTTOMAN EMPIRE - 1481 ARABIA Red * Egypt Pe OTTOMAN EMPIRE - 1451 Medina Mecca