I C T summary notes 2013 2014 ACADEMIC

I. C. T summary notes 2013 -2014 ACADEMIC YEAR Basic 6 Compiled by Sir Lexis Oppong

THIRD TERM ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/14 LESSON PLAN FOR BASIC 6

Summary notes Prepared by Sir Lexis Oppong

INFORMATION PROCESSING DATA: - Data is a collection of raw unorganized facts such as numbers, text, audio(sound), video and images. Raw data may not be meaningful and useful to the user. Therefore we need to manipulate, arrange and organize these raw data into a form that is meaningful and useful to the user. This meaningful and useful form of a processed data is referred to as INFORMATION. Therefore we define information as processed data.

INFORMATION. – Information is defined as processed data that is meaningful and useful to the user. Examples of information include newsletters, reports, movies, invoices, calendars, etc. When data is processed the result is information. What is Information Processing? Information processing is the process of manipulating, arranging and organizing data into information. Prepared by Sir Lexis

STAGES OF INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE Information processing cycle of a computer is a set of steps the computer follows to receive data, processes the data according to instructions from a program, displays the resulting information to the user, and stores the results. The information processing cycle has various stages, each stage involves one or more specific components of a computer. Prepared by Sir Lexis

CPU INPUT MOUSE PROCESSING OUTPUT STORAGE MONITOR RAM

INPUT STAGE (Data Stage) Computer Input Stage is when a computer accepts whatever that is entered or fed into the its system. Input can be supplied by a person(such as by using a keyboard) or by another computer or device( such as diskettes, flash drives, memory cards, CDROM, etc. ). Devices that help input data and commands are called INPUT DEVICES. Examples of input devices and the data they input to the computer are shown in the table below.

INPUT DEVICE NAME DATA MOUSE COMMANDS KEYBOARD TEXT MICROPHONE SOUND

THE PROCESSING STAGE This is the stage where the data that is inputted in the computer is organized, manipulated and structured to form information. This stage is where the real processing of data into information occurs and is therefore considered as the most important stage. On a computer the device that performs this processing is called the Central Processing Unit(CPU). The CPU is the brain and the heart of the computer.

It does all the calculations and manipulations of the computer. The CPU is found inside the system unit. Examples of processors are the Pentium, Centrino and Core Duo.

THE STORAGE STAGE A computer must store data so that it is available for processing. This storage location can be (the hard disk drive or C: , and the floppy drive or A: ). The storage of data in the computer is called online storage while the storage of data on computer tapes, diskettes, flash drives, CD-ROMs is called offline storage. STORAGE STAGE is when information is stored for future use. Devices for storing information are called Storage Devices.

The primary storage device of the computer is called a Hard Disk Drive. Other storage devices are the CD&DVD-ROM, flash drives, external hard drives, etc.

THE OUTPUT STAGE Computer output stage is when the computer produces processed data or information. OUTPUT can be in different formats, such as paper, diskette, or disc or on screen. After the computer has finished processing the data into information, it needs to show or give the information to the user. Devices used to output information are called output devices. Some examples of output devices are shown in the table below.

OUTPUT DEVICE NAME MONITOR USE Displaying text, pictures, etc. LOUDSPEAKERS Outputting sound PRINTER Printing text and pictures onto a paper