I B PATEL ENGLISH SCHOOL PRIMARY SECTION CLASS

I B PATEL ENGLISH SCHOOL (PRIMARY SECTION) CLASS – 6 SUBJECT – ENGLISH GRAMMAR CHAPTER – 1 NOUNS

WHAT IS A NOUN? • A Noun is a naming word. • A noun is the name of a person, an animal, a thing, a place or an idea.

TYPES OF NOUNS There are five types of nouns: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Common Nouns Proper Nouns Collective Nouns Material Nouns Abstract Nouns

COMMON NOUNS § A Common Noun is a name which can be used commonly for persons, animals, places or things. § It represents a whole class of its kind.

COMMON NOUNS § Common Nouns can also be classified as Countable Nouns. § They can be singular or plural. § Article ‘a’ is used before a singular countable noun starting with a consonant or a consonant sound. § Article ‘an’ is used before a singular countable noun starting with a vowel or a vowel sound.

COMMON NOUNS For example : persons -a boy, an engineer boys, engineers animals -a cow, a tiger , an owl cows, tigers , owls places -a garden, a shop, an auditorium gardens, shops, auditoriums things – a pencil, an apple pencils, apples

PROPER NOUNS • A Proper Noun is a name which can be used for particular persons, animals, places. • A Proper Noun always begins with a capital letter. • Proper Nouns of some places and things take article ‘the’ before them.

PROPER NOUNS For example : 1. 1 Persons (males) - George, Parth, Bharat, Harsh 1. 2 Persons (females) – Nancy, Sejal, Yashvi, Anita 2. 1 Places (countries) – India, Japan, Canada, Greece

PROPER NOUNS For example : 2. 2 Places (cities/villages) –Anand, Delhi, Mogri, Rampur 2. 3 Places (institutes/buildings) – I. B. Patel English School, Sardar Patel University, (the) White House, (the) Taj Mahal

PROPER NOUNS For example : 2. 4 Places (rivers) – (the) Sabarmati, (the) Ganga, (the) Nile 2. 3 Places (mountains) - (the) Alps, (the) Himalayas, Mt. Everest 2. 4 Holy Books – (the) Bhagvad Geeta, (the) Ramayana, (the) Quran, (the) Bible

COLLECTIVE NOUNS • A Collective Noun is the name given to a group or a class of persons, animals or things. For example : persons – people, mob, nation, team, army, gang animals – herd, swarm things – bunch, album, fleet, galaxy

MATERIAL NOUNS • Material Nouns are the names of the things which are taken out of the ground or grown on the ground. • These things are raw materials which are used to make other thins. ØFor example : cotton, wheat, gold, cement, water, sugar, oil, milk, plastic, silk, etc.

MATERIAL NOUNS • They are Uncountable Nouns but they can be counted with suitable units of measurement. ØFor example : a kilo of sugar, a litre of milk, a ream of paper

ABSTRACT NOUNS • Abstract Nouns are the names of qualities, actions, state, feelings or ideas. • They are something which we can think or feel about but we cannot touch them.

ABSTRACT NOUNS For example : qualities – goodness, bravery actions – movement, growth state – day, freedom feelings – love, anger ideas – beauty, dream

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Abstract Nouns can be made from other words such as common nouns, verbs and adjectives. v. We can make new abstract nouns by adding suffixes to common nouns, verbs and adjectives.

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Common Nouns • We can make a new abstract noun by adding the suffixes –ship, -hood, -dom, etc. to a common noun.

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Common Nouns • Examples : • friend(common noun) + ship(suffix) =friendship (abstract noun) • child(common noun) + hood(suffix) =childhood (abstract noun) • king(common noun) + dom (suffix) = kingdom (abstract noun)

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Verbs • We can make a new abstract noun by adding the suffixes –ion, -ance, -iour, ment, -ation, -al, etc. to a verb.

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Verbs • Examples : • act(verb) + -ion(suffix) =action (abstract noun) • accept(verb) + -ance(suffix) =acceptance (abstract noun) • behave(verb) + -iour (suffix) =behaviour (abstract noun)

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Verbs • Examples : • judge(verb) + -ment (suffix) =judgment (abstract noun) • invite(verb) + -ation (suffix) (abstract noun) • remove(verb) + -al (suffix) =removal (abstract noun) =invitation

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Verbs • Some verbs have a different form of abstract nouns. • You don’t need to add any suffix to change them into abstract nouns.

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Verbs • Examples : • die (verb) = death (abstract noun) • lose(verb) = loss (abstract noun) • sell (verb) = sale (abstract noun) • speak (verb) = speech (abstract noun)

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Adjectives • We can make a new abstract noun by adding the suffixes –ness, -dom, -y, etc. to an adjective.

FORMATION OF ABSTRACT NOUNS v. Making Abstract Nouns from Adjectives • Examples : • happy(adjective) + -ness(suffix) =happiness (abstract noun) • free(adjective) + -dom(suffix) =freedom (abstract noun) • honest(adjective) + -y (suffix) =honesty (abstract noun)

PREPARED BY NIRMAL PARMAR I. B. PATEL ENGLISH SCHOOL (PRIMARY SECTION)