HYSPLIT Volcanic Ash Who cares about volcanic ash

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Who cares about volcanic ash? - aircraft want to AVOID volcanic ash Pavlof volcano, August 30, 2007 Image Creator: Chris Waythomas; Image courtesy of Alaska Volcano Observatory / U. S. Geological Survey PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 1

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Why? - jet engines have failed in-flight, windows abraded, etc. - safety issue and maintenance issue - cost of avoidance is much less than an inadvertent encounter with ash PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 2

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Where are the volcanoes? PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP From http: //www. volcano. si. edu/world/find_regions. cfm 3

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash A little more detail… (maps not on same scale) Alaska Western US Caribbean Sea Hawaii Marianas Mexico, Central America From http: //www. volcano. si. edu/world/find_regions. cfm PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP Northern South America 4

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash What is being done about it? International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) • Established a global network of Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers 0 389 Number of Volcanic Ash Advisories issued during the ~18 -month period before the 5 th Meetimg of the ICAO IAVWOPSG 128 1223 1544 53 30 PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 2512 492 5

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) • standards and recommended practices regarding messages/products (following practices for other hazards e. g. turbulence, thunderstorms) PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 6

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash In the U. S. , coordination/cooperation • Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) • US Geological Survey (USGS) • NOAA (NWS, NESDIS, OAR) • US Air Force • NASA • Smithsonian Institution PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 7

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers • Satellite monitoring • Run transport and dispersion model (HYSPLIT @ NWS) • Issue “Volcanic Ash Advisories” Research • NOAA, NASA, etc. PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 8

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Advisory Volcanic Ash Graphic PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 9

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Advisory Volcanic Ash Graphic PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 10

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Hcolumn Source description • ash particles of all sizes are uniformly distributed through the eruption column • ash column represented as a vertical line source • ash particle distribution (~0. 3 to ~30 μ) represented by 4 particle size bins Hsummit Source idealization PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 11

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash Example particle output PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 12

HYSPLIT output in “VAFTAD-format” • “visual” ash is shown • default visual ash contour (1. 0 unit source) defined based on several historical eruptions • actual visual ash contour chosen by forecaster PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 13

HYSPLIT output in “VAFTAD-format” HYSPLIT output in “HYSPLIT-format” PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 14

HYSPLIT / Volcanic Ash http: //ready. arl. noaa. gov/READYVolc. Ash. php PC-HYSPLIT WORKSHOP 15