Hymenolepis nana Vampirolepis nana Dwarf tapeworm Taenia nana

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Hymenolepis nana Vampirolepis nana Dwarf tapeworm Taenia nana (Von Siebold, 1852) Hymenolepis fraterna (Stiles,

Hymenolepis nana Vampirolepis nana Dwarf tapeworm Taenia nana (Von Siebold, 1852) Hymenolepis fraterna (Stiles, 1906)

Transmission • Acquired by ingesting the eggs of H. nana in food or beverages

Transmission • Acquired by ingesting the eggs of H. nana in food or beverages or from contaminated fingers • The eggs are excreted in the stools of infected humans

Geographic distribution and epidemiology • Worldwide…greater prevalence. . poor. . child • India &

Geographic distribution and epidemiology • Worldwide…greater prevalence. . poor. . child • India & the Middle East, children exceed 20 % 6 -10 age • Rodents may serve as reservoir hosts • Most common tapeworm in man ﺣﺪﺍکﺜﺮ آﻠﻮﺩگی ﺑﻪ ﺍیﻦ کﺮﻡ ﺩﺭ ﺍیﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺯﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺘی ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﺯﻧﺪﺭﺍﻥ

Location • Worms attach to the mucosa of the small intestine • Upper three-quarters

Location • Worms attach to the mucosa of the small intestine • Upper three-quarters of the ileum • Larvae develop in intestinal villi

Morphology

Morphology

Morphology • 15– 40 mm • Approximately 200 proglottides • The scolex has four

Morphology • 15– 40 mm • Approximately 200 proglottides • The scolex has four suckers and a circular row of 20 -30 hooks • Neck is long and slender Retractible rostellum ﺭﺣﻢ ﻛﻴﺴﻪ ﺍﻱ کﻮچکﺘﺮیﻦ ﺳﺴﺘﻮﺩ

Hymenolepis eggs • Eggs has polar filaments • 4 -8 slender filaments • 30–

Hymenolepis eggs • Eggs has polar filaments • 4 -8 slender filaments • 30– 47 μm

Taenia Diphyllobothrium latum Dipylidium caninum Hymenolepis

Taenia Diphyllobothrium latum Dipylidium caninum Hymenolepis

Life cycle

Life cycle

Hymenolepiasis

Hymenolepiasis

Clinical manifestations • Infections with less than 1000 parasites may be asymptomatic • More

Clinical manifestations • Infections with less than 1000 parasites may be asymptomatic • More than 3000 worms diarrhea, abdominal ﺗﺤﺮیک ﺍﺳﻬﺎﻝ ﺧﺎﺭﺵ ﺑیﻨی pain ﻋﺼﺒی ﺑﻠﻐﻤی - ﺧﻮﻧی ﻭ ﻧﺸﻴﻤﻨگﺎﻩ • Eosinophilia 15 in 7% of infected persons • Autoinfection is rare • There is immunity to reinfection

Diagnosis • By demonstration of characteristic eggs Proglotid Flotation

Diagnosis • By demonstration of characteristic eggs Proglotid Flotation

Treatment

Treatment

Prevention • Proper sanitation • Properly cook grains

Prevention • Proper sanitation • Properly cook grains