Hydrosphere The Distribution of Water on the Earth
Hydrosphere: The Distribution of Water on the Earth
The Hydrosphere consists of ALL bodies of water on the Earth’s surface. OCEANS
Rivers
Streams
Lakes
Water covers approximately 75% of the Earth’s Surface
Water is either FRESH or SALT The Distribution of Water on the Earth
Why do oceans and seas have salty water? • Minerals are found in ROCKS • When rain falls on the rocks it dissolves some of these mineral salts contained in the rocks. • These minerals then run into the oceans/seas where they accumulate. • This “build-up” of Mineral Salts dissolved in these waters make oceans/seas “salty”
Dead Sea Mineral Salts
NOT all LIFE on Earth can LIVE in Salt Water
There are millions of organisms like us that need FRESH WATER to survive which only covers 3% of the Earth’s surface.
AND… 3/4 of the Fresh Water available is found in GLACIERS
Human Beings and other Fresh water Living Organisms have LESS THAN 1% of the Earth’s water to use.
Unfortunately, WE are polluting this SMALL amount of water everyday
Fresh Water: Its Distribution and Use • This Natural Resource is distributed VERY unequally around the world.
The 4 Countries that Have 50% the Planet’s reserves of Fresh Water • Canada • Brazil • United States • China
Drinking Water
Fresh Water must be Drinkable Drinking Water is water that is SAFE to drink.
To be Drinkable, water MUST • Be perfectly transparent (limpid) • Contain only a small quantity of dissolved minerals • Contain dissolved oxygen • NOT contain suspended particles • NOT have an unpleasant odour • NOT contain micro-organisms that can cause disease
TAP Water Must be filtered and purified using Chlorine to kill bacteria and Fluorine to lower the risk of cavities.
WATER REALITY CHECK #1
WATER REALTIY CHECK #2
WATER REALTIY CHECK #3
WATER REALTIY CHECK #4
WATER REALTIY CHECK #5
WATER REALTIY CHECK #6
WATER REALTIY CHECK #7
WATER REALITY CHECK #8 • Nearly 1 Billion People Lack Access to Safe Water
DID YOU KNOW….
DID YOU KNOW… • More than 80% of sewage in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and coastal areas.
Global Water Distribution Accessible fresh water A Frozen fresh water Salt water B C
- Slides: 31